If you are a survivor of school isiZulu, or are currently experiencing it, then these two terms may haunt your dreams. They are quite often used as a way of ‘testing’ (read ‘gatekeeping’) your understanding of the intricacies of isiZulu.
Essentially, verbs in isiZulu have iziqu (sometimes called ‘stems’ or ‘roots’, but really, just the part of the word that hardly ever changes and which carries the meaning of the verb itself) that are then used to make nouns. When I first started to teach the language, I thought of them as imibhudulo (trails in the grass). Some of these nouns are used to denote people who do the actions, and others are used to denote things.
amaBizomuntu are the ones for people, and amaBizonto are the ones for things. The horrible thing is that many of the words for people are not in the traditional human noun class.
In the tables on this page you will see the most common verb iziqu, alphabetically arranged, and their corresponding abantu and izinto. You can go to separate alphabet groups by going to the links below:
- iziqu starting with A
- iziqu starting with B
- iziqu starting with C
- iziqu starting with D
- iziqu starting with E
- iziqu starting with F
- iziqu starting with G
- iziqu starting with H
- iziqu starting with J
- iziqu starting with K
- iziqu starting with L
- iziqu starting with M
- iziqu starting with N
- iziqu starting with O
- iziqu starting with P
- iziqu starting with Q
- iziqu starting with S
- iziqu starting with T
- iziqu starting with V
- iziqu starting with W
- iziqu starting with X
- iziqu starting with Y
- iziqu starting with Z
If you would rather just stay on this page, scroll down and they are all here.
Examples from 2024 IEB are in RED, from 2023 are in PURPLE, from 2022 are in BLUE [none] and from 2021 are in ORANGE [none].
COMING SOON: indications of which words are common, and which are not.
Common words are indicated in GREEN
iziqu starting with A [17]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukwaba > apportion, distribute, divide out > give shares > survey into portions | umabeli distributor awarder umabi one who rations or apportions an executor of a will | isabelo portion, share, grant umabelo share in an estate or gift umabo distribution |
| ukwabula > peel off, remove skin or bark | alikho | izabulo private family affairs ulwabulo outer skin, epidermis ulwabuzo slough, shed skin |
| ukwahluka > deviate from, part from, differ from | umahlukanisi someone who causes variance between friends an arbiter | umahlukanandlela a parting of the ways a junction a crossroads isahlukaniso separation, cause of separation divorce, cause of divorce classification umahlukano a parting of the ways a crossroads mutual difference isahluko a portion a chapter umahluko difference isahlukwana small portion paragraph stanza or verse |
| ukwahlula > overcome, conquer, overpower, master, get the better of someone, beat someone in a contest > astonish (as an incomprehensible action or huge joke) > convince, persuade in argument | umahluleli one who makes an important decision or passes sentence, arbitrator, judge | isahlulampisi base of the back of the neck isahluleko failure, frustraion isahlulelo grave decision, severe sentence, judgement umahlulelo distribution, share, apportionment judgement umahlulo convincing act, word or circumstance, which settles a dispute or bars further argument |
| ukwakha > build a house, erect a structure, construct something, establish > inhabit > reside at, dwell at, have one’s dwelling at a place | umakhi a builder isakhamuzi a citizen umakhelwane a neighbour | isakhi a formative isakhiwo a building a plan of a building a layout of a town the atmosphere of a community |
| ukwala > refuse, deny, forbid, decline > reject a lover, break off an engagement > hate, dislike or detest someone > excel in something, keep off rivals (lit. refuse to permit an equal) > refuse to give, decline | isalakutshelwa an obstinate person, one who refuses to be told or advised by others isalakwanda witch or wizard umali one who refuses, dislikes or rejects isaliwa a young person disliked or rejected by the opposite sex | alikho |
| ukwaluka > go out to graze > spread out in search of food or prey > stream off to work > be on the war-path > flow over the land (like rivulets) > recede (like the sea) > circulate (like blood in the body) > be absent-minded, daydream | umaluki a weaver a basket-maker | ubaluko hlonipha term for utshani, the grass ulwaluko hlonipha term for icansi, a sleeping mat |
| ukwalusa > herd cattle > watch over, guard, spy | umalusi a shepherd a herdsman umaluseli a caretaker | alikho |
| ukwambatha > put on covering | alikho | isambatha dense darkness overwhelming attack isambatho covering for the body ulwambesi pericardium deceit, misleading isambeso covering |
| ukwambula > remove a covering, uncover, unveil, unscreen > turn the leaf of a book; open a book > reveal a secret | alikho | isambulo revelation, revealing of a secret ulwambulo unveiling ceremony |
| ukwamuka > deprive, take away from > annex | alikho | isamuko deprivation |
| ukwamukela > hold out the hands to receive > receive, accept | umamukeli recipient one who receives | isamukela a receptacle hlonipha term for isandla, the hand isamukeliso portion, ration isamukelo reception hlonipha term for isandla, the hand isamukezo distribution, rationing |
| ukwanda > increase, multiply > spread like a report or sickness > become enlarged (as a hole in a hut) > breed, increase by births > be common | alikho | isanda increase remainder left over from anything after the main purpose has been fulfilled ground plan of a hut devastation isandelo ability to make a little go a long way isandisela unnecessary continual addition isandiso adulteration, something valueless added from which profit is made profit made in business interest exaggeration adverb isando increase |
| ukwandulela > anticipate, do in advance of something, provide against something, precede it > plant a preliminary crop > be a forerunner | isandulela a harbinger umanduleli precursor, forerunner, herald | isandulela a foretaste a bright start heralding the approach of winter isandulelo first thing, introduction isandulela-ngculazi HIV umandulelo first act of any performance first result |
| ukwanelisa > complete, fill up a deficiency > satisfy, convince | alikho | isaneliso satisfaction, completion |
| ukwaphula > break, fracture > cause to die suddenly or without premonitary symptoms > disappoint, discourage | umaphuli helper, rescuer, redeemer | isaphulo rupture |
| ukwazi > know | isazi an expert, scientist, savant isazani an acquaintance umazi one who knows umazisi an announcer, proclaimer, herald or prophet | umazisi an identity document ulwazi knowledge isazela a secret a guilty conscience instinct isazelela a secret a guilty conscience a presentiment isazelo guilty conscience, grudge isaziso a notice advertisement proclamation |
If there are more that you think should be here, please suggest them in the comments!
iziqu starting with B [17]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukubala > count, reckon | umbali a person who counts | isibalo calculation, mathematics |
| ukubamba > catch, hold | umbambi a person who grips umbambeli a substitute | isibambo a handle ubambo a rib |
| ukubanga > make something bad > aim for somewhere > rival, compete | imbangi a rival umbangi a claimant a causer | ibanga a distance, a grade umbango a feud, dispute over inheritance |
| ukubeka > put, place (on a flat surface) > install, appoint > commit to care of someone > put aside, preserve | ibeka a reserved person umbeki an appointer | isibeko a deposit imbeko patience |
| ukubhala > scratch marks > write > enter, write down > register someone | umbhali a writer | umbhalo document, writing, entry, mark |
| ukubheda > talk nonsense > be witty | isibhedi a witty person | umbhedo nonsense |
| ukubika > report, announce > warn | umbiki a reporter, a messenger | ibika an omen, a harbinger isibikezelo a forecast, a prophecy umbiko a report, a message, an announcement |
| ukubiza > call, summon > name, designate > cost, be worth > charge, demand in payment > challenge | umbizi a summoner | imbizo a convocation, a meeting ubizo an invitation ibizo a noun, a name ibizelo a calling, a vocation |
| ukubona > see > understand > recognise > consider > visit | umboni a person who sees | ibona vision, sight umbono an opinion, a vision isibonelo an example |
| ukubonga > praise > give thanks > worship | imbongi a poet | isibongo a surname, a praise |
| ukubopha > tie, bind > compel > arrest | umbophi a person who arrests isiboshwa a prisoner | isibopho a responsibility |
| ukubuka > watch, look at > admire | isibukeli a spectator | umbukelo a display, demonstration umbukiso a show, exhibition isibuko a mirror, a lens umbuko a display, demonstration |
| ukubulala > murder, kill, destroy > hurt, injure > be poisonous | umbulali a murderer, a killer | |
| ukubumba > mould, fashion > make something from dough or paste > fabricate | umbumbi a potter | ibumba clay ibumbela fabrication |
| ukubusa > rule, be in charge, govern > live a life of ease | alikho | umbuso the government the state uzibuse responsible government isibusiso a blessing |
| ukubutha > gather together, collect > recruit | ibutho a soldier umbuthi a collector | ibutho a regiment izibutha flattery umbuthano an assembly umbutho a gathering, a meeting uzibuthe magnet |
| ukubuza > ask questions | umbuzi a questioner | umbuzo a question |
If there are more that you think should be here, please suggest them in the comments!
iziqu starting with C [5]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukucabanga > think, imagine | umcabangi a thinker umcabangeli a suspicious or paranoid person | umcabango thought, imagination ucabango solar plexus isicabangelo a cause of suspicion |
| ukuceba > make a plan, conspire > be wealthy, be fat | isicebi a wealthy person umcebi an informer | ubucebi wealth, richness icebo a plan, a scheme amacebo lies, deception ingcebo wealth, riches umcebo possessions, wealth, riches |
| ukucela > ask for, beg, request | umceli an applicant | isicelo request, application |
| ukuchaza > reveal, explain, show the meaning > make incisions, tattoo | umchazi an explainer, an advisor | incazelo an explanation, meaning, solution isichazelo an explanation, meaning incazo explanation umchazo a tattoo pattern |
| ukucula > sing, chant | umculi a singer a musician umculisi a conductor a choirmaster | iculo a song umculo music |
iziqu starting with D [8]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukudaka > intoxicate, make drunk > make heady or conceited > confuse, stupefy | isidakwa a drunk, an alcoholic | isidakamizwa an intoxicating substance, a drug ubudakwa intoxication, drunkenness |
| ukudala > create > conceive > cause | umdali a creator God (as creator) | isidalo characteristic indalo nature isidalwa a creature |
| ukudansa* > dance | umdansi a dancer | umdanso a dance |
| ukudela > be satisfied, have enough > be convinced, give up, abandon, lose hope > condemn, turn against > sacrifice or risk oneself | idela a happy-go-lucky person, a careless person indela a monk or nun, or a person who is fasting isideleli a contemptuous person, someone who disregards authority | indelelo contempt, rudeness isidelelo a word of action of contempt |
| ukudinga > want, require, need > roam, wander | umdingi an exile, a deportee a person who needs | indingakalo a necessity, an obligation indingeko necessity indingiso deportation, exile isidingo a need |
| ukudla > eat > bite > corrode > inherit > confiscate | indlalifa, indlamafa an heir, one who inherits udlamvuzo an heir, a successor umudli a confiscator a cheat | ukudla food izindleko losses, expenditure, costs idlelo a pasture a container isidlelo a dish, a receptacle ubudlelwane relationship isidlo a meal, a feast umudlo selfishness |
| ukudlala > play | umdlali a player an actor | umdlalo a game a play isidlalo a plaything |
| ukuduma > thunder, rumble > be famous > rush along, stampede | iduma a famous / infamous person idumakude a famous / infamous person umdumeli an assailant | idumela fame, renown, reputation indumela a charge, an assault, a rushing attack indumiso praise, glorifying indumo / umdumo a thundering noise isidumo a sudden disaster a brawl, a riot udumo fame, renown, notoriety |
iziqu starting with E [10]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukweba > steal, pilfer | isebi habitual thief | umebo theft stolen goods |
| ukwehla > descend, come down > be inclined, slope downwards > befall, happen | alikho! | isehlakalo event, occurrence, happening umehlelo unpleasant happening misfortune isehlo unexpected event |
| ukwehluka > be different, deviate, part from | umehlukanisi an arbiter someone who causes a difference between people | umehluko a difference umehlukano a parting of ways isehlukaniso separation divorce isehluko a portion a chapter isehlukwana a paragraph a verse |
| ukwehlula > overcome, convince | umehluleli a judge | isehlulelo a grave decision a severe sentence a harsh judgement umehlulelo distribution a judgement umehlulo a convincing act, word or circumstance |
| ukwelama > follow or come after in order of birth, or in rank | izelamani siblings | alikho! |
| ukwelapha > heal, treat medically | umelaphi a healer | iselapho cure, remedy, medicine for treating diseases |
| ukwelekelela > assist, support, help | umelekeleli a helper an assistant | iselekelelo aid, succour, assistance, help |
| ukweluleka > advise, counsel, guide | umeluleki an advisor, a counsellor | iseluleko advice, counsel |
| ukwenza > do, act, make, perform, behave > bring about, cause > happen, come to pass | umenzi a doer, a maker the Creator a subject (grammatically) uzenzele a self-made man umzenzeli a selfish person umzenzisi a pretender, a hypocrite | isenzo a deed, an act a verb isenzakalo an important occurrence isenzelelo support, backing, advantage umenzelelo support, advantage |
| ukweqa > jump, leap across, spring over, skip over (a word or a line) > transgress a law, cross a boundary > escape, desert, elope > surpass, excel, outdo > overshoot the mark > step over a harmful spell or concoction > elide | umeqeli interceptor | iseqelo check, interception, prevention iseqo elision umeqo a harmful spell or curse a jump or a leap |
iziqu starting with F:[7]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukufa > die > come to an end, be broken > be ill or sick > faint, have a fit > fade, whither | umufi the deceased umfelwa the bereaved | ukufa death sickness ilifa inheritance imfa outbreak of disease ulufa crack, fissure, cleft isifo a disease imfakabili torture, torment |
| ukufakaza > give evidence, bear witness, testify | ufakazi a witness | ubufakazi evidence, testimony isifakazelo a testimonial, a certificate |
| ukufana > be alike, resemble | umfanekisi painter, sculptor | isifaniso simile isifaniselo example, specimen isifanekiso sample, example, specimen statue, image umfanekiso picture, photograph, painting, likeness imfanelo a right, a righteous thing fitness, propriety duty isifanelo pattern |
| ukufihla > hide, conceal > bury | alikho | imfihlo a secret imfihlakalo mystery |
| ukufika > arrive, reach | umfiki a casual visitor isifiki new arrival, new-comer umafikizolo a novice, a newbie, a greenhorn isifikakancane a rare visitor | alikho |
| ukufisa > desire, wish for > wish, convey wishes | alikho | isifiso desire, wish imfiso desire, wish isifiselo good wishes |
| ukufunda > learn > read | umfundi learner reader umfundisi lecturer priest isifundiswa educated person imfunda a novice imfundamakhwelo a beginner, a novice isifundi a subscriber | imfundo education imfundelo special training imfundisano mutual influence ubufundisi teaching profession imfundiso doctrine isifundo a lesson a subject of learning |
iziqu starting with G [14]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukugaba > rely on someone or something > take advantage of someone of something > mark out a boundary or pattern > plant in holes > overflow, go beyond | alikho | i(li)gaba small branch of a tree ingaba large branch of a tree u(lu)gaba top section of a maize stalk isigaba a section a troop, division a paragraph a barracks a noun class |
| ukugada > guard, patrol, be on sentry, act as a bodyguard or escourt | unogada a security guard | alikho |
| ukugaya > grind, crush | umgayi grinder ugayummbila a leopard (lit. a mealie-grinder) | isigayelo pain in the wrist from too much grinding isifanekiso sample, example, specimen statue, image i(li)gayo a wheel (hlonipha term for isondo) |
| ukugcina > come to an end, terminate > keep, preserve, take care of something > make something stick firmly | umgcini a finisher umgcinankundleni caretaker, superintendent, or anyone with final oversight or authority umgcinashoba person at the end of the line umgcinimnyango a door-keeper umgcinisihlalo a chairperson umgcinisikhwama a treasurer | isigcino an end ingcina / ingcino a securing termination amagcino the last the end finality isigcinasifuba breast-plate ugcinazithuthe an ultimatum |
| ukugcizelela > repear, complete > insist, emphasize | alikho | isigcizelelo emphasis insistence repetition |
| ukugibela > ride > mount | umgibeli a rider a passenger ingibeli an expert rider | isigibelo a bicycle |
| ukugijima > run > flow rapidly > master something | umgijimi runner ingijimi expert runner isigijimi messenger fast runner | umgijimo a race a marathon |
| ukugoba > bend, bend over, be bent or stooped > bend something > tame, control, break something in | alikho | ugob[al]uphondo somersault ingobe hooked stick, shepherd’s crook a folding knife u(lu)gobe a conspiracy, a plot i(li)gobela an archway ingobela a hooked stick |
| ukugoma > doctor, administer medicine > swear or take an oath, speak emphatically | alikho | ingomela assertion, determination, asseveration umgomo essence, true fact, real truth standard, limit, custom goal, purpose, main object |
| ukugqiba > fill up a hole > finish something > bribe | alikho | umgqibelo Saturday i(li)gqibo anything overwhelmin, outshining, outdoing anything else umgqibo end of a matter, a conclusion |
| ukugqoka > be covered over > wear clothes > dress in European fashion | i(li)gqoka a person wearing European clothes | isigqoko a hat or cap i(li)gqokwe a shield or object of defence protection |
| ukugula > be sick, be ill > skim off, scrape together > slant, lean over > butt, ram | isiguli patient sick person | i(li)gula a milk-vessel u(lu)gule something slanted or lop-sided |
| ukugweba > round up > rip at something > pass judgement, decide > scrape clean | umgwebi a judge or magistrate | isigwebo decision, judgement |
| ukugxeka > cause to quarrel > speak ill of someone, criticize, slander someone | umgxeki a slanderer, a critic | isigxeko contemptuous or slanderous remark |
iziqu starting with H [24]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuhamba > travel, walk, move along > flow, run, proceed > live, be well, behave | umhambi traveller isihambeli a visitor isihambi passer-by, stranger, visitor umhambuma waif, wanderer, stray pilgrim | umhambo manner of life, habit, or custom behaviour amahambo endless journey inkambo custom, habit, manners, behaviour inkambiso custom, manner of life u(lu)hambo journey |
| ukuhlaba > pierce, stab, thrust > kill, slaughter an animal > attack with pain > reach up to a point > do something perfectly > hurt the feelings > criticize, review | umhlabi a stabber inhlabaledlule a wanderer, a rolling stone | i(li)hlaba a sharp pain a prickly aloe pungent thing inhlaba small species of aloe umhlaba large aloe inhlabaluhide a long file or procession of objects i(li)hlabamhlola a bad omen the point of something, what is required isihlabamhlola any unusual occurrence, a bad omen inhlabamkhosi a warning signal umhlabiso ceremony of sacrifice isihlabo a fork u(lu)hlabo a sharp piercing pain in the side footprint of a hoofed animal |
| ukuhlahla > chop up, dismember > divide, distribute >throw light on a difficulty, divine the cause of a problem, explain, clarify something > become clear or settled | umhlahli one who decides, explains or devises a plan | isihlahla bush, shrub i(li)hlahla branch of a tree which has been cut off inhlahla / inhlanhla good fortune umhlahlelo decision, explanation, exposition ubuhlahlo a clearing in the bush umhlahlo consultation with a diviner |
| ukuhlakanipha > develop intelligence > be clever | isihlakaniphi a clever person a scientist an expert | inhlakanipho wisdom, cleverness achievement of science and intellect |
| ukuhlala > sit, settle, perch > stay, remain, stop > live, dwell, reside | i(li)hlala poor beggar of a fellow isihlalakhaya a stay-at-home inhlalamazaleni a destitute, lazy person isihlalandawonye inactive person umhlalawodwa a hermit | inhlalakabi adverse circumstances, unhappiness inhlalakahle welfare, comfortable circumstances, health umhlalaphansi retirement, pension inhlalo state of life, existence, welfare isihlalo a seat, chair or bench a saddle |
| ukuhlamba > wash (face and hands) > swim > purify | inhlambi an expert swimmer | isihlambelo a wash-basin isihlambi a heavy downpour of rain i(li)hlambo a purification ritual |
| ukuhlangana > come together > meet with, come across > join, unite, come together > be in close contact > be complete > be in agreement, correspond > join battle with > have sex | alikho | umhlangano a meeting inhlangano a meeting or assembly a point of meeting, a confluence or junction a place of assembly a league, agreement, alliance, pact or compact inhlanganisela a miscellaneous collection a compilation or collation inhlanganiso assembly, meeting isihlanganiso a conjunction |
| ukuhlanya > be insane or mad > be wild or ungovernable > act in a wild manner | u(lu)hlanya a raving lunatic an insane person | ubuhlanya madness, insanity u(lu)hlanya state of madness |
| ukuhlasela > attack, invade, go to war against > hunt | umhlaseli attacker, invader hunter | inhlaselo attack, invasion a hunt |
| ukuhlawula > pay a fine or penalty > make reparation > give satisfaction, expiate | alikho | inhlawulo fine, penalty punishment, corporal punishment damages, reparation i(li)hlawulo fine, forfeit, penalty inhlawulelo penance, expiation |
| ukuhlaza > disgrace, shame, dishonour > bring reproach upon someone | alikho | i(li)hlazo disgraceful, shameful deed disgrace, dishonour, discredit, shame |
| ukuhlaziya > examine carefully, analyse > forecast, prophesy, foretell > dish out, serve out | umhlaziyi an analyst | inhlaziyo analysis, inquiry forecast, prophecy |
| ukuhleba > defame, slander, spread rumours, back-bite > whisper or speak in a low voice | inhlebi slanderer gossip-monger | amahlebezi whisperings, undertone talkings inhlebo secret information isihlebo slander, false information |
| ukuhleka > laugh > laugh at someone or something > open up, gape open | inhlekabayeni a person who laughs at anything isihlekehleke person with a wide mouth inhlekisa a person who is the subject of ridicule | inhlekanhlekane a laughing at one another inhlekiso subject of ridicule u(lu)hleko loud laughter |
| ukuhlela > arrange, settle, adjust, put something in order > level something off, make something level > edit > conjugate | umhleli an editor | inhleleleko leisure, ease (where someone has arranged things for their benefit) i(li)hlelo a district a sect or denomination inhlelo system, order, arrangement isihlelo a large basket waste-paper basket conjugation u(lu)hlelo arrangement, preparation, system, order grammar |
| ukuhlenga > sift, clean, separate > ransom, redeem, assist, help > escort, accompany to protect | umhlengi a helper an escort umhlengikazi a nurse | isihlenga a sieve inhlengo ransom, redemption prejudice, bias, partiality isihlengo ransom, price of redemption |
| ukuhloba > dress up, adorn oneself, put on one’s finery > sprout, put out shoots, put on leaves > become curdled | isihlobo a relative, a blood-relation umhlobo a friend, acquaintance a relative, kinsman, relation | umhlobiso decoration, ornament i(li)hlobo summer i(li)hlobo an article of finery or decoration, an adornment, a decoration something fashionable inhlobo species, kind, class, denomination, sample, style, method ubuhlobo friendship relationship u(lu)hlobo genus, species, breed kind, sort, variety nationality, race umhlobo a race of humankind |
| ukuhlola > inspect, examine, look into > explore, survey > test > spy, act as a scout > commit high treason | inhloli a spy, a scout an explorer umhloli an inspector, supervisor, examiner | i(li)hlola high treason |
| ukuhlonipha > respect, reverence, regard with honour or awe > act respectfully, modestly > avoid the use of certain words in conversation > speak euphemistically | umhlonishwa honourable person | inhlonipho respect, reverence, honour isihlonipho a euphemism a hlonipha term |
| ukuhlosa > be intent on something > aim at something > being to bear fruit | alikho | inhlosa intention, deliberate action inhloso aim, purpose, object |
| ukuhlupha > afflict, torment, harass, annoy, worry, trouble > persecute > grieve, bother, irritate | isihlupheki a sufferer a poor person | inhlupheko trouble, affliction, worry, grief, annoyance inhlupho nuisance, bother, trouble tyranny, persecution u(lu)hlupho cause of affliction trouble |
| ukuhluza > strain, cleanse impurities > go lame, limp > reduce, lessen, cause to get less | inhluzi expert strainer of beer | isihluzi calf of the leg bunch of sinews muscular part of forearm or foreleg in a person or an animal u(lu)hluzi serum umhluzi meat gravy, broth, soup i(li)hluzo beer-strainer |
| ukuhlwa > become dark, become dusk > be eclipsed > become mystified, stupefied, be at a loss | inhlwa destitute, poverty-stricken or naked person unmarried or childless person u(lu)hlwa destitute, poverty-stricken person | inhlwa flying termite isihlwa swarm of people or animals ubuhlwa childless state unmarried state poverty, destitution ukuhlwa darkness or night umuhlwa termite, white ant ant-heap |
| ukuhola > draw, drag, pull along, haul > absorb, draw smoke, inhale, siphon, suck in > lead water, irrigate > lead along, entice; guide > draw pay | i(li)holaphiko unmarried woman with an illegitimate child isihole person who drags their legs while walking as a result of paralysis umholeli a leader of oxen umholi a leader | i(li)holo pay, wages |
iziqu starting with J [12]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukujabha > be disappointed, ashamed or abashed | alikho | injabhiso cause of disappointment isijabhiso cause of disappointment |
| ukujabula > rejoice, be happy, glad, joyful, delighted | alikho | injabulo delight, happiness, pleasure, joy |
| ukujaha > drive along, cause to race, gallop, rush | umjahi a racer, a jockey | umjaho a race, a competition |
| ukujaka > be obstinate, defiant, stubborn | isijaka an ill-tempered, pigheaded, high-handed, obstinate or stubborn person | injaka ill-tempered obstinacy, intractability, pigheadedness, defiance, stubbornness, strongheadedness ubujaka obstinacy, defiance, stubbornness |
| ukujika > suspend, hang up, cause to dangle or swing > hang, dangle, swing suspended > make a turn, go round a corner, turn back | umjikelelo suspension, hanging up a detour umjikeli a swing umjikezelo a swinging round, a rotation i(li)jiki a turning, a corner, a curve beer umjiko string, rope on which to hang or suspend something suspension, hanging up | |
| ukujikijela > hurl, throw, fling far > hurl something at someone | alikho | umjikijelo a throw, a fling a blow from a thrown object hunting using objects that are thrown |
| ukujivaza > ridicule, deprecate, decry or speak contemptuously of someone | alikho | isijivazo the effect of ridicule or contempt umjivazo the act of ridicule or contempt |
| ukujoba > add something onto something | alikho | injobelela a tacking on a patching up injobelelo an additional part; further evidence or information isijobelelo a suffix injobo a strip of wild-cat’s skin used in forming part of the isinene |
| ukujonga > to pester, frequent, or have the mind set on a specific thing | alikho | injongo aim, purpose, object |
| ukujova > inoculate, vaccinate, inject > graft, bud | alikho | umjovo inoculation, vaccination virus for inoculation |
| ukujuba > order, give orders > throw, fling, hurl > kick something > fly off like sparks | alikho | ijuba a dove ijubajubane a butterfly ijubane speed, swiftness, fleetness ijubela a chip, a splinter a spark |
| ukujwayela > be accustomed to something, be used to something | alikho | isijwayezi a confirmed habit injwayelo an expected occurrence |
The following table is for iziqu in K [44]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuketsheza > be unstable, fluid > swing about like a half-full bucket > dwindle in quantity > become thing or watery | alikho | uketsheza liquid watery substance |
| ukukha > pick flowers, pluck or gather fruit > dip up, draw water > take a fancy to someone, be attracted to someone | alikho | amakha scent, perfrym, fragrance scented plant |
| ukukhaba > kick, kick out > protrude | ikhaba young people in their prime | inkaba a navel, belly-button isikhaba midrib of a blade of grass umkhaba a protruding stomach, a paunch inkabathuvi a foot a scarab beetle inkabazwe equator umkhabo the recoil or kick of a gun |
| ukukhala > to cry, weep or scream > to wail or lament > to complain or voice a grievance > to revere, blame, hold responsible > to plead, make a request > to give forth sound > to exude gum | alikho | ikhala a nostril a vanguard isikhala an opening an opportunity isikhalo a complaint a weeping a cry or scream ukhalo a ridge the waist |
| ukukhanda > to pound, beat, pelt of hammer > to work metal or stone; to forge > to repair or fix something | umkhandi a tinker, a mender, a repairman a craftsman, artisan or maker | inkandela an anvil isikhando a large stone used for smithing an anvil a blacksmith’s hammer umkhando a smithy, factory or workshop |
| ukukhankasa > move in a horseshoe formation, with a view to intercepting or outmanoeuvring in battle > campaign, whether in battle or politics | alikho | umkhankaso a campaign, usually political in nature |
| ukukhanuka > have a strong desire > be jealous of someone, be envious someone | alikho | inkanuko strong desire, lust, envy, jealousy isikhanuko desire for something good |
| ukukhanya > be light, bright; shine forth, give light > gleam, glisten; be polished, burnished > be transparent, translucent; be loose-textured > be light-coloured, light-complexioned > be clear, distinct, plain, intelligible | umkhanyisi one who brings light | ukukhanya light; shining; daylight umkhanya sun creen; visor; awning inkanyiso enlightenment, explanation civilization isikhanyiso torch, lamp, light descriptive (grammatical) |
| ukukhathala > become tired, fatigued, weary > be depressed, listless > care about someone, take anxious thought about (with nga*) > be in love with someone | alikho | inkathazo worry, annoyance, vexation; pestering, importunity |
| ukukhawula > put an end to something, bring something to a stop > set a boundary > have a boundary at; reach as far as | alikho | inkawulo cessation, ending umkhawulo boundary, limit, end |
| ukukhetha > choose, pick out, select > pick out from, take out, exclude, separate from, differentiate > vote > elect > show off, exhibit oneself > perform a wedding dance | umkhethi chooser voter | ikhethelo the choice among many; the pick of the herd isikhetho a beer-skimmer ukhetho an election umkhetho the pick, the choice |
| ukukhinga > bind tightly, tie up firmly > complicate, make complicated; tangle > turn back, ward off; obstruct | alikho | inkinga puzzle, inexplicable matter, incomprehensible thing problem mystery |
| ukukhipha > take out > exclude, turn out, expel > extract, draw, pull out > purge | alikho | isikhipho cause of separation or divorce |
| ukukhiqiza > do anything excessively > mass-produce items | umkhiqizi a producer | umkhiqizo product |
| ukukhohla > escape from the memory; slip the memory > puzzle, perplex | isikhohlakali corrupt person umkhohlisi a deceiver, a cheat isikhohlwa a forgetful person | inkhohla puzzling affair inkohlakalo corruption, contamination, demoralization puzzling affair inkohlaniso deceit, cheating inkohlisa counterfeit, false imitation inkohlisano mutual deceit inkohliso deceit, delusion |
| ukukhokha > draw out ready for attack > exhibit, take out to show > project, poke out > pay > repay, replace, resotre, make reparation | umkhokheli one who pays a paymaster | ikhokhelo remuneration, repayment repatriation inkokhelo payment, wages, salary, stipend |
| ukukhola > satisfy, content > give enough to > tire someone > have confidence in something | ikholwa believer, Christian | ikholane familiar, confidential friend inkolo sect, denomination ukholo faith, belief, creed ubukholwa Christianity |
| ukukhomba > point at something > accuse, betray, pick out > be a good shot | inkombi expert shot, good marksman | inkomba forefinger, pointer, indicator inkombabantu index-finger inkombane index-finger inkombankombane mutual recrimination isikhombisa index-finger, forefinger, pointer, indicator seven |
| ukukhonga > beg, entreat > negotiate arrangements for marriage with the bride’s father > hold out the hand to receive | umkhongi a negotiator tasked with arranging ilobolo | alikho |
| ukukhonona > be dissatisfied, discontented, displeased > complain or grumble > doubt, disbelieve, be suspicious | alikho | inkonono hesitancy, reluctancy incredulity, doubt ukhonono dissatisfaction, discontent, complaint doubt, suspicion |
| ukukhononda > be dissatisfied, discontented > complain > disbelieve, be suspicious | alikho | ukhonondo dissatisfaction, discontent, displeasure doubt, suspicion |
| ukukhonsa > pursue relentlessly > persecute > hunt persistently | alikho | umkhonso persecution relentless pursuit inkonsolo harsh treatment persecution |
| ukukhonza > pay homage, pay respects > subject oneself to someone, serve someone > send compliments, best wishes or regards > worship someone | isikhonzi messenger vassal voluntary servant choir boy, altar attendant umkhonzi worshipper attendant vassal | inkonzo service, vassalage homage, subjection to a chief church service worship |
| ukukhotha > lick, lick up, lick smooth, nibble > scoop clean with a finger > sweep clean, devour > forage for grazing | umkhothi a licker | inkotha tip of tongue forefinger umkhothane earwig swarms of caterpillars ikhothe evaporation, parching a draining off a drying up umkhothi a forefinger seven ukhothikhothi a snake (because of its tongue licking in and out) |
| ukukhova > stupefy, drug | alikho | ukhovo a drug that causes one to collapse exhaustion, collapse umkhovu a zombie, bewitched by umthakathi |
| ukukhoza > open up trade or friendly business negotiations > establish goodwill for purposes of trade | umkhozi a custome, one with whom one has habitual trade relations | ikhoza intense, burning heat fame, great reputation isikhozi a present given or act done to secure goodwill towards trade a friendly trade relationship |
| ukukhuba > cause to stumble, trip > balk, interfere with someone, disturb them or get in their way > smooth the surface > do something completely, finish off a big job > scandalise > powder, reduce to powder | inkubele a casualty from a fight a wounded person inkubeli someone who assists with the calves at milking time | ikhuba a hoe for ploughing a large protruding front tooth inkuba a dung-beetle isikhuba stump of a hoe a very short tooth inkubisa destruction, annihilation, wiping out umkhuba a custom or practice of a particular place of group conduct or behaviour strange action, unusual performance trick, feat or prank fashion, style, vogue undesirable practice, bad habit ikhubalo a medicine to ward off evil or cure ailments isikhubo stumbling block insurmountable difficulty isikhubazo injury, damage, hurt isikhubekiso a misleading act or word stumbling-block ubukhubele wounded state inflammation, suppuration, pain of a wound |
| ukukhukhula > clear away, sweep away, rake away, carry before | alikho | isikhukhula a heavy downpour of rain a flood, torrent or rush of water a mass or multitude a very strong person ukhukhulelangoqo a wholesale mobilization a summoning or assembly of the whole nation or group devastation, entire clearance or wiping out isikhukhulo a rake or other instrument for clearing away rubbish a net |
| ukukhula > grow in size, increase > become enlarged > become mature, reach maturity, reach puberty | inkulelwane someone born and bred in a certain place someone who has a home in a certain place umkhulisi a foster-parent | ukhula weeds (singular used for quantity, plural used for different kinds) inkulisa a creche or pre-school inkuliso home-schooling isikhuliso augmentive |
| ukukhuleka > salute a superior > give a greeting of respect > request something respectfully, beg for something > pray, supplicate, adore, revere > tie up, secure by the leg, bind | umkhuleki one who ties up goats or cattle | isikhuleko a peg to which an animal is secured rope for securing an animal prayer conducted by a group of people; a prayer-meeting umkhuleko prayer |
| ukukhulula > free, set free, release, deliver, emancipate, liberate > untie, undo, loosen, unleash | umkhululi redeemer, one who releases someone | inkululeko freedom, release, emancipation, exemption, redemption inkululo exemption, permission, freeing isikhululo instrument for releasing |
| ukukhuluma > speak, talk > talk sense, speak with weight | isikhulumi a garrulous, loquacious person an orator umkhulumi a speaker umkhulumeli an advocate a representative an intercessor | inkulumakude telephone inkulumelakude a telephone message inkulumo speech, address conversation |
| ukukhumbula > remember, recollect > call to mind, be mindful of something > miss or long for someone or something | alikho | inkumbulo memory, recollection remembrance, longing umkhumbulo memorial (such as a cairn) isikhumbuziso a memorial isikhumbuzo a reminder or memento |
| ukukhumula > take off clothes > take out, extract something > draw something out > outspan or unharnass oxen or other sources of power > withdraw | umkhumuladolo a critical matter a crushing blow a weighty, important affair umkhumulansika a destroyer of the home a home-wrecker ikhumulo outspan, place of outspan isikhumulo a terminal at an airport, harbour or taxi-rank | |
| ukukhunga > tie up, tether, hang up > hold on fast, hang onto something > stick fast to something, be always after it > hem something in, encircle it > bestow presents upon someone, in recognition of some special occasion | alikho | inkunga a puzzle or enigma ukhunga inducement ukhungela anything ammassing onto someone, like bees or flies isikhungo an institute a warren or haunt for game umkhungo a present or gift |
| ukukhunkula > bewitch > cast a spell upon someone > harm or kill by witchcraft | umkhunkuli a person who harms by occult practices | ikhunkulo rheumatic swelling of the joints mysterious, evil act, inexplicable other than by witchcraft |
| ukukhuthala > be industrious, energetic, diligent, assiduous, zealous > become firm, stiff or rigid | isikhuthali diligent, industrious person | inkhuthalo diligence, perseverance, industry, zeal isikhuthazo encouragement |
| ukukhuza > express surprise, wonder; give vent to astonishment > express disapproval; reprove, chide, correct, admonish > express sympathy with someone; condole, sympathise > command, give orders > cry out, give a warning cry or shout; shout to | isikhuza menial engaged to herd cattle, or guard the fields from birds any menial or dependant living in a wealthy person’s homestead | |
| ukukhwela > climb, ascend, mount > ride > mate with > harrass, pester, annoy > attempt with success, subdue | inkweli expert climber or mountaineer horseman; trainer or rider of horses | isikhwele sexual jealousy selfishness ubukhwele sexual jealousy inkwelo domineering spirit whistle or whistling ikhwelo a shrill whistle isikhwelo pretext, excuse cause or origin of any occurrence a ladder, stairs or steps; anything one might climb umkhwelo a ladder |
| ukukhweza > cause to ascend; lift, place up on high > preserve, put away carefully, keep safe, store away > bury > rise, lift | umkhwezi a preserver one who preserves umkhwezeli abettor someone who eggs others on | ikhwezi the morning star, Venus a bright colour a starling inkwezi a small star ikhweza a preservative inkwezane a light morning mist haze |
| ukukikiliza > utter shrill cries of pleasure > insinuate, refer to, suggest | umkikilizo an insinuation | |
| ukuklama > mark out the site of a building or the boundaries of a field > design, plan, have a purpose, decide upon something > overcharge, be exorbitant | umklami a land surveyor isiklamaklama energetic, industrious person | umklamo a site marked out on the ground a design, plan, device, purpose or project ubuklamaklama energy, industry |
| ukuklomela > reward, give someone a reward, prize or bonus | alikho | iklomelo reward, prize or bonus umklomelo a reward |
| ukukweleta > owe money | alikho | isikweleto/-u debt |
The following table is for iziqu in L [24]
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukulahla > throw away, cast away; throw down, hurl down > abandon, forsake, desert > lose > decide against, give judgement against > bury > waste words or actions | alikho | ilahle cinder, piece of coal or charcoal |
| ukulala > lie down, rest > sleep > pass the night > have sex with someone > lose flavour; become flat or insipid > lie fallow; pass a season without fertilization > be plentiful, abundant > be dull, heavy-headed, slow-witted | isilali a traveler or lodger for the night isilaleli a listener, someone lying in wait an audience (in plural) umlaleli a listener | ulala edge, outskirts of a forest umlala vertebral ligament on either side of the neck ilalamanzi an aquatic animal umlalamvubu thick fog lying over rivers and marshes in the morning umlalaziko food or drink left over from the day before a constantly postponed court-case umlalela slumber, a dormant state a layer covering something umlalelo an ambush umlaliso a narcotic or sleeping drug isilalo an old sore place causing lameness and pain a feeling of resentment that cannot easily be shaken |
| ukulamula > make peace between contending parties; separate fighters > mediate > give help, go to the rescue | umlamuli a mediator umlamuleli an advocate, helper or rescuer | umlamulo mediation help at a critical moment ulamulelo mediation rescue, aid, help |
| ukulanda > narrate, tell a story > follow up, trace, pursue > trace descent > fetch > resemble, take after someone > conform to, adhere to | umlanda a brother-in-law, from the husband’s perspective isilandi a narrator umlandi a narrator umlandeli a follower a disciple | ilanda a cattle-egret ubulanda the in-laws, from the husband’s perspective future life or provisions for dependants after death isilando narrative umlando history isilandelo a recitation a verbatim account of something isilandiso a predicative in grammar umlandeliselo abusive language hurled at someone as ‘the last word’ a missile |
| ukulawula > joke, make fun > mention, speak loudly about someone > tell a dream > marshal an army > control something or someone | isilawuli a joker, a jester umlawuli a marshal a controller | alikho |
| ukulawuza > to gossip, chatter > to joke, make fun > to flatter | isilawuzeli a flatterer | isilawuzelo flattery |
| ukulayeza > to give a message > to give instructions | alikho | umlayezo a message an instruction |
| ukulaza > become stale, lose freshness > be delayed, held over, postponed or adjourned > to have light, scattered, fleecy clouds > to fly in the wind | umlazakazi a person who walks rapidly, with quick light steps ulazane a person who walks rapidly, with quick, light step | amalaza a milking isilaza flat, stale beer ulaza cream umlaza whey any long, extended or stratified thing the Milky Way umlazela food that has become stale |
| ukulenga > hang suspended > dangle | umlengisi the hangman | ulengalenga a dangling or hanging ilenge a deep precipice ulengelenge endless, drawn-out matter continuous persecution isilengiso a hook for hanging a scaffold a gallows umlengiso a necklace |
| ukulibala > escape from memory > cause the memory to fail > delay, loiter, waste time | isilibazi a loiterer umlibazisi an interrupter a time-waster a distraction from sorrow | ubulibazi idleness, laziness loitering isilibaziso cause of delay interruption delay pastime, toy, amusement |
| ukulila > mourn, lament, wail, weep | umliliseli a lamenter a poet | isililiso a cause of mourning isililo mourning, lamentation, wailing |
| ukulima > plough, hoe, dig up the soil > farm, cultivate, grow crops | umlimi a farmer | ilima communal field indima plot of ground for cultivation portion of work for someone to perform standard, class isilimela ploughing time, early spring Pleiades constellation umlimela a large group of fields isilimo agriculture a cultivated crop or vegetable umlimo cultivation, growth of cultivated crops |
| ukulinda > guard, keep watch, look after > wait for, watch for, expect > be of average height or size | isilinda an invalid an old, decrepit person isilindamthombo a stay-at-home person umlindamthombo a stay-at-home person isilindankosi the king’s body-guard umlindankosi the king’s body-guard umlindi watchman, sentinel, guard umlindisango a gate-keeper | umlindansimu scarecrow umlindashoba a deep bottomless pit an abyss isilindishoba deep abyss, bottomless pit umlindelo expectation isilindo watch-hut, watch-tower umlindo a guarding, a watching |
| ukulinga > try, attempt > test, attempt, coax > perform magic, do tricks | umlinganiseli a sympathetic person umlingani a partner umlinganisi surveyor, one who measures umlingi tempter umlingisi imitator, mimic | isilinganiselo consideration for others sympathetic attitude amalinganiso trials indinganiso measure, standard for guidance isilinganiso measure, weight, scale instrument for measuring or weighing umlinganiso fitting, measuring exemplar isilingo temptation, test, trial umlingo unusual, strange, awe-inspiring or magical performance trickery, conjuring, magic |
| ukuloba > tattoo, draw figures, carve patterns > write | umlobeli correspondent umlobi writer, scribe, author | alikho |
| ukulobola > supplement a marriage by the handing over of goods or of an agreed number of cattle (or money in lieu thereof) on the part of the bridegroom’s people to the father or guardian of the bride | umloboli one who passes ilobolo to his bride’s father umlobokazi young, newly married wife umlotsholwa one for whom ilobolo is paid over | ilobolo goods, cattle or money handed over by the bridegroom’s people to the father or guardian of the bride |
| ukuloya > bewitch, hypnotise | umloyi a witch, wizard one who practises witchcraft | iloyi misfortune, harm malediction poison iloyo misfortune, harm umloyo an uncanny being, an imp |
| ukuluba > desire, covet, long for | alikho | iluba desire, inclination, longing |
| ukululeka > put straight, straighten > advise, counsel, guide | umluleki adviser, counsellor | isiluleko advice, counsel, direction |
| ukuluma > bite > suffer a sharp pain in the abdomen > itch | alikho | isilumeko a spasm of pain a gnawing pain isilumelo share, portion isilumo a painful menstruation chronic stomach pain |
| ukulumba > do wonders, perform conjuring tricks > make inventions > practise witchcraft > concoct, fabircate, invent stories, tell lies | umlumbi a wonder-worker, wizard, magician, trickster inventor umlumbikazana a trickster | umlumbaniso confusion of issues misapplication coalescence of vowels ilumbelo fabrication, lie, concoction disease of unknown cause ilumbo wonderful performance, wizardry, magic a great invention a downright lie a disease of unknown origin |
| ukulunga > be in order, be fit, be correct, be as it should > get prepared, get ready > be morally good or righteous | umlungisi repairer, renovator reformer | ilungelo a right a privilege amalungiselelo arrangements preparations isilungo virtue |
| ukulutha > make a fool of someone, mislead, take advantage of someone > hypnotize, deprive of reasoning power, drug, render helpless, demoralize | ilutha a cunning, misleading person, who makes a fool of another umlutha imbecile, fool, idiot or one lacking in the characteristics of a human being isiluthi someone who makes people silly umluthi a hypnotizer, drugger, or one who demoralises other umlutho an imbecile, fool or idiot | umlutho idiocy, mental derangement hypnotism, drugging |
| ukulwa > to fight | isilwi fighter quarrelsome person | alikho |
The following table is for iziqu in M
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuma > stand, stand up erect > stand still, be stationary > stop, halt > stand firm, be settled > stand in the way, act as an obstacle | ummeleli advocate ummeli representative, advocate, lawyer, counsel, mediator godparent | isimelana a relative (grammatical) ummelelo stagnation isimelo an obligation isimiselo ordinance, rule, order condition, terms ummiselo sustenance isimiso that which causes to stand or endure a cause of stoppage, an obstruction a law, statute, ordinance ummiso the cause of a stop, halt or stand resistance umumo feature, characteristic, state average aggregate ubumo continuation average number isimo form, shape, nature, character situation |
| ukumba > dig, dig a hole, excavate, root up > mine | umumbi digger grave-digger | isimbelambela something firmly planted ummbelo trench planted pole, stone or fence |
| ukumbatha > put on a covering | alikho | isimbatho clothing, covering for body |
| ukumboza > cover over | alikho | imbozisa heavy rain that falls annually around the time of harvest isimbozo lid, covering |
| ukumema > summon, call, invite, announce | ummemi one who summons author of a proclamation | isimemo an invitation a summons ummemo a tribute called for by the king an echo or resonance isimenywa a guest, an invited person isimema a concerted shout, as of a war-cry isimemela > subject of a conference > matter upon which people are summoned together |
| ukumemeza > call out, shout > talk loudly | ummemezeli > herald, proclaimer | isimemezelo > proclamation, decree, notice |
| ukumila > germinate, sprout, grow; take root; be alive as a plant > grow upon, spread over something like moss on a stone | alikho | isimila a growth an outcrop a tumour isimilamongo an old, treasured object isimilela growth outgrowth or outcrop tumour isimilimongo a serious affair of an unpleasant nature incessant trouble or worry a large, unhealing sore imilo nature isimilo nature, characteristic good character |
| ukuminya > press, press against > confine, crowd > choke > drink completely, drain to the dregs > feel sure, be certain, have the mind made up | alikho | isiminya compact mass, crush truth, fact |
| ukuminza > swallow voraciously, gulp down, bolt > eat gluttonously, be greedy > be capacious or roomy > hold a large quantity > drown, get drowned | isiminzi glutton, gourmand | isiminzelo hlonipha term for a stomach umminzo oesophagus gullet, throat |
| ukumpompa > talk incessantly > talk nonsense > talk in one’s sleep > be delirious | isimpompi a person who talks incessantly or who talks nonsense | alikho |
| ukumuka > depart, go away > desert, break allegiance > be carried away by water, animal or warfare > be absorbed or lured away mentally | isimukanandwendwe an easily-influenced person | ummukela a going away for a protracted period amamuko departure for good |
| ukumukela > hold out hands to receive > accept, admit | isimukeliso portion, ration isimukelo reception isimukezo distribution, rationing | |
| ukumumatha > hold in the mouth, with the mouth closed > contain > investigate slowly and gradually > be slow in discussing something > be outstanding or of special importance in a discussion | alikho | isimumatha anything closed up, hidden or unexplored imumatho a mouthful |
| ukumunca > suck a fluid > emaciate, make something or someone thin | alikho | umunca suction isimunce a mouth-piece a filter |
| ukumunya > suck > steal | isimunya a thief | umunya suction imunyamunyane small snack of food taken for a meal in time of famine imunyane tasteless, mashed food |
The following table is for iziqu in N
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukunaka > care about, take notice of something, have concern about something, trouble oneself about something or someone > pester, be persistently at something | inaka neat, tidy person inakabaphathi a very young child that requires special care umnakabaphathi a very young baby, requiring special care unakane a persistent, nagging person | inakabaphathi a delicate, important matter, requiring special care umnakabaphathi a matter that concerns authorities or people in charge of affairs; a delicate matter unakane persistent action, pestering unake carefulness anxious care, anxiety assiduous application to one’s work umnakekelo persistence obstinate action umnako concern, interest, notice, thought about things |
| ukunamatha > adhere, cleave to, stick to > pursue closely > come into touch with someone | alikho | isinamathela something sticking fast or adhering umnamathela adhering object, something sticking on umnamatho an adhering close pursuit an underground spring |
| ukunameka > plaster, smear, bedaub, cement > close up, seal > infect > thrown blame on someone’s character | umnamekelwana slow-moving, listless person umnamekezi slanderer isinamekwana slow-moving, lethargic person | isinameko blame umnameko false charge, slander |
| ukunceda > assist, aid, help | umncedi helper umncedisi helper, assistant | uncedo help, assistance, aid |
| ukuncenga > beg, entreat, coax, plead with someone > be indulgent towards someone | alikho | incengelezane considerate, gentle, coaxing manner of treatment uncengo pleading, begging, entreating, coaxing umncengo begging, pleading |
| ukuncephezela > sympathize for > beg pardon | alikho | isincephezelo apology, sympathy compensation |
| ukuncibilika > melt, become liquid or fluid > liquefy, dissolve, thaw > cool down in temper > become convalescent > get accustomed to something | alikho | umncibilika tin |
| ukuncoma > give a favourable report on something > praise, admire, recommend, speak well of something > announce someone’s arrival | alikho | isincomo a recommendation a review |
| ukuncunza > be sparing or economical > take something in small quantities > do something little by little > wear something down, deprive someone of strength gradually | isincunzi economical person miser | umncunze the last drop of something umncunzo sparing, economy a small quantity a pinch or a bit of something |
| ukundiza > fly > be over-excited, lose mental balance through excitement | indizane a vacillating person, easily influence, one who swings from one opinion to another | indiza[mshini] aeroplane |
| ukundonda > breathe with a wheezing sound > breathe with difficulty > purr like a cat | alikho | umndondo purring hard breathing |
| ukunemba > smear, daub > abuse, revile > be a good shot, hit the mark | umnembi a good shot a marksman | amanembe remnants of food stuck to the dish inembe perseverance motherly instinct pit of the stomach unembe persistence, calm progress forbearance, patience umnembe fat for smearing on the body umnembo good shooting accurate aim |
| ukunenga > disgust, nauseate, offend | isinengeko cause of offence cause of unsociability isinengiso cause of disgust annoyance, offence isinengo a disgusting thing a nauseating object | |
| ukungabaza > doubt, be uncertain > surmise, conjecture, imagine | alikho | ungabazane conjecture, presumption umngabazane conjecture, presumption jealousy umngabazelo suspicion, conjecture |
| ukungcwaba > bury > forget, bury in oblivion | umngcwabi undertaker | ingcwaba a grave, tomb umngcwabo funeral burial interment |
| ukungena > enter, come in, go in > invade (enter an enemy territory) > sit down to milk a cow > marry the widow of a deceased brother > begin a new season, begin > get to know somone intimately > ingratiate oneself with someone | alikho | umngenandlini a gift brought home by one who has been absent for some time umngenela a tributary isingeniso introduction isingeno a gift to gain entrance or to obtain a hearing ubungeno way of approach entrance, admission |
| ukungqangqa > tremble with anger | ingqangqa an irritable person | umngqangqa anger |
| ukunhlanhlatha > feel with the teeth, chew and suck sugar-cane > deviate, go alongside the main road, on an unbeaten track > test, try something | alikho | umnhlanhlatho partial chewing imperfect or perfunctory work unbeaten road, deviation |
| ukunika > give, hand over | umnikeli a betrayer a traitor | isinikelo a place of sacrifice umnikelo an offering a sacrifice a propitiation |
| ukunina > prevent, hinder > shelter, protect | unina the person’s mother | unina the parent plant from which the shoots grow isinina central prt of each side of a hut, from which the wattles are arched |
| ukunonga > do something carefully or with great care and attention to detail > season food | alikho | isinongo a seasoning for food a spice |
| ukunotha > be comfortable, have possessions, be well off > be rich, yield plentifully | alikho | unotha really good rich marijuana umnotho the economy wealth, riches inothonotho anything soft, springy and comfortable |
| ukunqaba > refuse to do something > forbid something > be very fine or excellent | alikho | inqaba a fortress, stronghold or castle a difficult thing, a difficulty inqabayequla a difficult matter |
| ukunqala > tie tightly, bind fast | alikho | ubunqala difficulty, hardness inqalanqala a difficulty a difficult task isinqalanqala a difficult matter an immovable object an impracticable affair an impossibility umnqalo a binding a knot |
| ukunqamuka > cease, abate, come to an end > snap off, break apart, get cut off, come apart | alikho | umnqamuko end, cessation unqamulajuqu a referee, an arbitrator a poisonous concoction an ultimatum unqamulezo cross crucifixion continued trouble, persecution umnqamulo boundary, limit |
| ukunqiba > go about begging for food | umnqibi a beggar, a tramp isinqibi a beggar, a tramp | alikho |
| ukunqika > lean against > rely upon > take advantage of someone > resemble > skirt along | alikho | amanqikanqika unstable, rickety state instability umnqikelo a leaning towards |
| ukunqinda > blunt, remove sharp points, cut short > discharge, render harmless or ineffective | amanqindazana a person with short, stocky legs | amanqindi an animal with the horns cut short a chair with very short legs inqindi final result, upshot fist isinqindi blunted instrument, something with the sharp point removed short stabbing spear the moon during the last quarter inqindilubekelele differentiation reservation holding back |
| ukunqoba > overcome, master, overpower, conquer, defeat > gain victory over someone, get the better of someone | umnqobi a conqueror a victor | amanqobo decisive action deciding factor inqobo decisive action the thing that gives victory actuality |
| ukunqoma > be jealous > be stingy or miserly | alikho | inqoma stinginess miserliness |
| ukunquma > cut, cut short, cut off, cut through, cut across > take a short cut > decide, give a decision, fix a time > lie across or be placed across something > become solid, solidify, harden, congeal, freeze | inqumakhanda a person with a fine body but an ugly face | isinqumela a solidified substance congealed fat a solid group of people isinqumiselo prohibition term or condition laid to isinqumo decision, resolution, resolve |
| ukunsala > tie securely > draw tightly, make taut | alikho | umnsala a bow umnsalela a tight grip a strong pull or draw a belt for tying isinsalo rope fetters umnsalo a pulling tight bow and arrows |
| ukuntenga > sway to and fro, wave about | intengantenga a shaky, feeble person a spoilt child | untenga a rocking-chair |
| ukuntshontsha > steal, pilfer > take titbits of meat from a piece of mean being carved or cut up | isintshontshi a thief | amantshontsho small pieces of meat |
| ukuntula > be in need of something, want something, require something, lack it or be without it > be poor | alikho | intulo poverty destitution |
| ukunuka > emit an odour or fragrance > smell, stink, give off a scent or stench > sense smell or odour or fragrance > divine or ‘sniff out’ a hidden object or perpetrator > suspect, be suspicious about someone | isanusi a diviner | umnukela a bad smell, stench or odour ubunusi the profession of diviner |
| ukunweba > stretch out, draw out > enlarge, distend, extend > exaggerate | umnweba a person who wastes time | isinwebo an instrument for stretching something umnwebo plaited rope or string exaggeration |
| ukunxanela > be bent on doing something > desire something ardently > pursue something with determination | alikho | isinxanelo strong desire determination |
| ukunxapha > utter a click of annoyance or vexation > misfire | alikho | inxaphela a click of annoyance |
| ukunxiba > beg > pester, importune, worry, harass | isinxibi a beggar umnxibi a beggar | umnxibo pestering, teasing, harassment |
| ukunxusa > ask a favour > beg, entreat, plead > induce | inxusa messenger sent by the king or leader ambassador delegate | alikho |
| ukunya > defecate, shit, poop | inyela / -o a bastard a low-class or good-for-nothing person | inya desire to exert oneself in order to make up for loss feeling of vengeance or vindictiveness private or unpleasant things (in plural form) unya callousness, cruelty hardness of heart lack of mercy harshness inyela cast iron, pig iron umnyiwanyoni solitary, abandoned person, beast or thing |
| ukunyambisa > moisten, sprinkle water on something > wash carelessly or partly > placate by guile | inyambisa / -i a person who softens, explains, makes excuses | inyambisa lubricator explanation or excuse inyambuli a sleek animal |
| ukunyamezela > have forbearance; be patient, long-suffering; persevere > be self-composed, have control over oneself, keep cool | alikho | isinyamezelo trial that demands patience and forbearance umnyamezelo patience, forbearance self-control perseverance |
| ukunyanisa > affirm, take an oath, swear | alikho | inyaniso truth assertion |
| ukunyantula > open, expose > be irritable or quick-tempered | inyantula a person with front teeth missing isinyantula an irritable, quick-tempered person | alikho |
| ukunyathela > place the foot on the ground > tread, step, tread on something, trample something > pace out > stamp, crush, suppress, keep down > excel, be superior to others | alikho | inyathelo a sandal inyathelo a path isinyathelo a step, tread, or impression an attitude, way of life or behaviour |
| ukunyekeza > sag, bulge, be forced loose through overfilling > cause to sag, hang loose; loosen > be lazy or indolent > sprout, shoot out, bloom > grind something coarsely | alikho | inyekezo coarsely ground corn a flower of corn or grass umnyekezo entrails of an animal |
| ukunyelela > sneak away, slink off, disappear surreptitiously, leave secretly > glide away | alikho | isinyelela stealth a sneaking off |
| ukunyepha > be damp or moist > look miserable, wretched or depressed > be dirty | alikho | umnyepho dampness a damp spot a moist object |
| ukunyikanyika > wriggle free; move about to get loose or open more space > strive hard against difficulties; fight one’s way through > tear to pieces, smash about, bash about | alikho | isinyianyika somplicated affair, matter difficult of solution something requiring disentangling dense crowd |
| ukunyinyitha > press down heavily upon someone or something > weigh down | alikho | umnyinyitheko depression weighing down oppressive feeling |
| ukunyomula > pull out, withdraw > receive a gift | alikho | umnyomulo gift, present |
The following table is for iziqu in O
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukobula > peel off > remove skin or bark | alikho | ulobulo outer skin epidermis ulobuzo slough shed skin umobuzo cast off skin of a snake or lizard |
| ukokha > transfer fire by using a burning coal > start trouble; commence a fight; provoke > speak ill of someone or slander them | alikho | isokho instrument for transferring fire |
| ukoma > dry up, get dry > be thirsty > be thin, wiry | alikho | isomiso drought |
| ukona > spoil, injure, damage, soil something > do wrong, sin; commit a crime > seduce, corrupt, ravish > trespass | isonakali corrupt person, immoral person isoni a sinner a criminal a wrongdoer umoni one who has done wrong | isona blight umona jealous displeasure envy jealousy umonakalo mishap, mess, upsetting of plans isono sin, evil deed umono spoliation upsetting wrecking |
| ukondla > nourish, rear, bring up > keep an eye on someone or something | umondli nourisher foster parent one who rears an orphan | isondlo payment to a person for rearing a child maintenance levy umondlo payment to a person for rearing a child maintenance |
| ukonga > economise, save; be sparing, careful or frugal > skim, take off the surface | umongi nurse | isongo sparing, economy isongo uncooked centre of food momentary glare of the sun umongo economy, saving, frugality core of a tree or herb centre of a matter main point bone marrow |
| ukongama > lean over, overhang > overlook > overawe, cause reverence or respect | umongameli president | alikho |
| ukongula > skim off, remove scum > elicit detailed information, cross-question | alikho | umongula > nasal haemorrhage > nose-bleed umongulo scum, anything skimmed off nose-bleed commission charged |
| ukopha > bleed, emit blood > exude sap | alikho | umopha bleeding haemorrhage umophelo internal bleeding contusion umopho shed blood track or trail of blood |
| ukosa > roast, toast, fry, grill > nag at, persecute, make it uncomfortable for someone | alikho | isoso piece of meat for frying hot place, in the hot sun or near a furnace unpleasant situation tight corner |
| ukosula > wipe, wipe off > dust, rub down, polish | alikho | isosulelo foot-wiper, door-mat scapegoat, person on whom blame is put isosulo duster, dish-cloth, mop |
| ukotha > bask in the sun > warm oneself at the fire > report against, inform against | isothamlilo an African person of colour | alikho |
| ukothula > take off, take down, off-load > bring down with a single shot > lay before someone for advice > pay tribute of respect | alikho | isothulo tribute, contribution |
The following table is for iziqu in P
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukupanyaza > inflate, blow up > feel something soft or ripe > be ripe | alikho | ipanyaza / -i inflated object like a blister or balloon ripe fruit |
| ukupeteza > bend, make curved, make flexible | umpeteza handsome, sleek-bodied person | alikho |
| ukupha > give, present, donate, bestow > thin out thick growth or crops | umphiwa recipient of a gift | isiphiwo a gift received a present a gift possessed a talent isipho a gift anything given |
| ukuphafuka > blurt out, talk without due consideration > emit smoke, belch out, puff out, swarm out | isiphafuki incessant talker gas-bag | alikho |
| ukuphahla > encircle, surround > store away, pack together, stow away | iphahla one of twins | impahla goods, property, possessions, wares, chattels, effects luggage, package uphahla framework of a hut roof or roofing |
| ukuphahluka > blurt out, speak without thought; talk foolishly | isiphahluka one who blurts out inconsiderate or foolish talker | alikho |
| ukuphaka > serve out food, dish up or ladle out food > distribute, allot > send out an army; commission | alikho | iphako a secret plan isiphako ladle, instrument for serving up food umphako food prepared for a journey provisions, commissariat |
| ukuphakama > rise upwards, mount > be elevated > stand up > become important, famous or noted > become heated, show emotion; raise the voice emotionally | isiphakanyiswa person who has been promoted | impakama elevation, raised place high ground, plateau, knoll, hillock isiphakamiso formal motion, proposal |
| ukuphakatha > bear two or more cobs on the same stalk | impakatha assistant, deputy associate worker junior partner illegitimate child adopted child | alikho |
| ukuphakuluza > ladle out in large quantities, divide out generously > finish off the remainder | alikho | isiphakuluzi a ladle or other implement for dishing out food |
| ukuphala > scrape, scrape off, make supple by scraping > run fast, gallop | impali expert scraper of hides | impalane a well-scraped hide a prepared skin impalo a deep hole, chasm or ravine umpalo a deep hole isiphalo iron scraper |
| ukuphamba > place a network of fibre around a vessel > play a trick on someone; puzzle or get the better of them | umphambi a trickster a cunning person | iphamba a puzzling affair an inexplicable matter mistletoe impamba a trick, ruse an incomprehensible person or thing impambaniselo counterstroke, return blow, retaliation impambankwici a slipping away, dodging impambano cross-purposes variance disagreement Orion’s Belt isiphambano constant worry lifelong burden or trouble a cross isiphambeko a blunder, mistake, error a disgraceful action impambosi deviation, side issue a maze or labyrinth perverting influence verbal extension impambu deviation impambuko a going astray a mistake a misdeed |
| ukuphanga > act hurriedly, hurry > be greedy > rob, plunder, deprive of something; take by force | isiphangi a thief, a robber umphangi a robber a brigand iphangwa prisoner of war | impangiso a hurrying, a hastening iphango hunger, famine impango booty, plunder umpango spoils of war |
| ukuphanyeka > hang up, suspend > expose to danger > persecute > hang, execute by hanging | alikho | isiphanyeko peg hanger, coat-hanger anything on which an article may be hung |
| ukuphanza > beg for food | impanza a beggar isiphanzi a beggar | alikho |
| ukuphapha > flap the wings > be uncontrolled, wild, mad > be nervous, timid or anxious | isiphapha a nervous,anxious person someone lacking in control, someone wild | uphaphe feather antenna mental disorder |
| ukuphatha > handle, hold > feel, touch > carry in the hands > contain > treat, deal with > engage in > manage, superintend > take charge of or be in command of something > mention, refer to | iphatha useless person impathakubili messenger who returns with a message umphatheli agent, executor umphathi one in charge superintendent guardian commander controller isiphathimandla one in authority a councillor umphathisihlalo chairman umphathisikhwama treasurer umphathiswa a messenger | uphatha object with hollow side amaphatho references, mention topic of conversation impatho treatment, handling, policy |
| ukuphawula > notice, distinguish > point out, indicate > brand, mark something | alikho | isiphawulo adjective observations (plural form) |
| ukuphazama > be disturbed, interrupted > interrupt, disturb, distract > blunder, make a slip | alikho | isiphazamiso cause of disturbance stumbling block umphazamo disturbance, interruption, distraction, interference |
| ukupheca > fold, bend over, turn in > refer to, talk about, touch upon > talk confusedly, slyly > deceive in speech | alikho | umpheco seam, pleat, fold in cloth |
| ukuphefumula > breathe > pass an opinion | alikho | umphefumulo breath life soul |
| ukuphehla > stir up, shake together > churn > stir to a foam (as when mixing medicine > produce fire by friction > bore a hole > provoke, enrage | alikho | impehla butter a weevil uphehlacwathi constant provocation, irritation isiphehlo fire-stick iphehlwa butter |
| ukupheka > cook in liquid, boil > harass; nag at, importune > mark or dye with indigo colour | impeki expert cook chef umpheki cook | umphekambedu a species of indigo plant used for dyeing isipheko food prepared for a feast (in plural) umpheko abundance of foods to be prepared for a feast |
| ukuphekula > blow over, blow back, blow up > upset, overturn, capsize > rout an army > cause someone to change their mind > lure someone into disaster; mislead them | isiphekula cheeky, quarrelsome person iphekulazikhuni bolshevist, militant communist anarchist isiphekuza energetic person | alikho |
| ukuphela > come to an end; get finished, completed; end > be entire, whole, sound, flawless | alikho | amaphela last remnants iphela a cockroach impela truth iphelagugu very precious article, valuable thing umphelamandla the end of one’s resources, the limit umphelazwe where the land ends impelela finality, final end, completion, finish death, destruction umphelo end |
| ukuphelezela > accompany, escort > agree with | umphelezeli an escort a bridesmaid | alikho |
| ukuphemba > kindle a fire > work up a fire > originate, initiate action, start anew | alikho | umphembo fire (hlonipha term) |
| ukuphendla > lay open, uncover > reveal, expose to sight > investigate, search into something > try a case | alikho | impendle exposition, revelation bleak, exposed position |
| ukuphenduka > turn, turn over, turn back, turn around, revolve > change, alter, get turned into something else > repent, become converted | alikho | impendukezela a turning inside out distortion, perversion impenduko change, conversion, repentance |
| ukuphendula > turn around, turn over; cause to revolve > alter, change; convert; dye > reply, answer, retort > alter in condition | alikho | impendulo a reply, an answer, a retort |
| ukuphengulula > turn right over, absolutely reverse > change entirely > strike violently back in defence | alikho | impengululo protective charm |
| ukuphenya > turn over like the pages of a book > look under something > search, examine, investigate; undertake research | ||
| ukuphepha > blow about; fly > work quickly | isiphepha a quick worker an industrious person a skilled person | impepho incense isiphepho hurricane, gale storm of wind |
| ukuphepha > escape, recover, get well > be safe | isiphephelo stronghold, refuge, shelter, salvation impepho rescue, relief, salvation | |
| ukuphephetha > blow like the wind > blow, blow at > clear off, destroy, wipe out | umphephethi one who blows medicinal powders for curative or preventive purposes | isiphephetho medicinal powder blown into the air to ward off evil |
| ukuphetha > hem, make a border > finish, complete > decide > have the last say, clinch an argument | alikho | iphethelo a border, hem boundary, outskirts, suburbs impethelo refuge, resort place of refuge impetho conclusion, end of an affair issue, result refuge isiphetho conclusion, end umphetho hem, seam, border |
| ukuphica > interlace, interweave, entwine > trick, entrap; treat craftily | alikho | impica decorative interlaced work trickery, entrapment crafty person impicabadala riddle uphico wattle-work |
| ukuphika > enter into strife > be obstinate > wrangle, argue, compete > deny, contradict, repudiate > rely on something | iphikankani obstinate, obdurate, headstrong person someone with a strong will a courageous person isiphike a persistent person umphikeli defender, advocate umphiki one who denies or contradicts umphikisani arguer, disputer | iphika hard breathing, shortness of breath iphikankani a persistent occurrence a difficult obstacle isiphike persistence, steady pressing on, perseverance impikisano competition, rivalry, race bone of contention, disputation impikiswano competition, rivalry dispute, debate impiko denial, contradiction, argument uphiko denial, contradiction |
| ukuphikelela > persist, persevere > continue obstinately | isiphikeleli obstinate person persevering person | impikelelo persistence, perseverance, painstaking impikelelwana routine work, daily routine persistent, regular occurrence |
| ukuphila > be in good health, regain health; be well; be of sound mind > be genuine > change colour, fade, discolour | impilo health life way of living umtholampilo a clinic | |
| ukuphinda > repeat, do again > return, go back > fold, make double, duplicate > quote | alikho | impinda repetition fold quotation impindwa a refrain impindisa vengeance, revenge impindisela vengeance, retaliation, revenge impindiso vengeance impindo repetition duplication fold isiphindo refrain chorus |
| ukuphinga > intertwine > press down, coold down, quieten, suppress > commit adultery | isiphingi a person who commits adultery | iphingelo wattlework uphingo adultery immorality umphingo a poisoned dart-head |
| ukuphipha > wipe away dirt, remove ordure > help through difficulty | umphiphambi person called to do the dirty work a scavenger a scapegoat | isiphipho toilet paper |
| ukuphisa > brew > begin, start > press, urge, impel, induce | isiphisekeleni someone who disregards the opinions of others isiphisekeli a conscientious worker a thoughtful, determined person | isiphisekelo urge impelling influence |
| ukuphitha > twist, plait, weave many threads together > puzzle, confuse, muddle | alikho | iphithi fashion of hair-dressing impithi mode of dressing the hair in peppercorn curls uphithi fashion of hair-dressing sudden impulse, sudden intuition impithiphithi confusion, commotion confused affair isiphithiphithi confusion, commotion traffic congestion muddled, confused affair |
| ukuphokophela > press forward, make for an objective, push on ahead > grow up quickly, shoot ahead in stature > seek after, desire; press forward to something | alikho | impokophelo goal objective a pressing forward |
| ukuphola > be cool, calm, mild > be pleasant, refreshing > heal up, get well > be umblemished, of good repute, well-behaved | ipholelana person of low, immoral habits umpholelana person of low, immoral habits | ipholela cool, healthy resort sanatorium isipholela cold food a cold lunch umpholela cold food isipholi quietude, undisturbed state |
| ukuphonsa > throw, hurl; hurl at > bewitch, cast a charm upon someone, hypnotize > chase successfully, be a good hunter | iphosukubusa one next in succession to the heir | isiphonsiso mistake transgression, sin isipho[n]so charm, hypnotism, bewitching medicine umpho[n]so a thrown, a hurling |
| ukuphoqa > force, compel > charge falsely > attempt more than one ought > use one’s authority to do what one is not fit to do | impoqabulungu imitator of European customs an uneducated person who mimics those more educated | impoqo compulsion, force |
| ukuphosisa > cause to throw > cause to bewitch > err, make a mistake > do wrong, sin, transgress > blunder | alikho | isiphosiso mistake, transgression, sin |
| ukuphotha > plait by twisting, twist together, entwine > fabricate, invent | umphothoninga a silly fellow a person easily gulled | impothane twisted object animal with twisted horns involved affair uphothane long, twisted object umphothaninga involved affair uphothe head-dress of twisted hair-strands impothela twisted object iphotho habit of telling lies lying nature |
| ukuphothula > scrape, shave, rub, massage > grind, crush > purify ceremonially | impothuli a maid-servant someone who grinds for the household umphothuli masseur, masseuse hair-shaver | umphothulo mealie-meal |
| ukuphoxa > act foolishly towards someone > cause someone to feel stupid, embarrass someone | impoxela thin, short, dapper person isiphoxo foolish, silly person fool, idiot headstrong, rash, impetuous person | ubuphoxo foolishness, stupidity impetuosity, rashness |
| ukuphozisa > cool, make cool, calm down > propitiate, appease > remove effectiveness, remove fine qualities | alikho | isiphoziso propitiation discouragement anything that removes effectiveness umphoziso discouragement analgesic, narcotic or any medicine that removes pain |
| ukuphuca > shave > take away, snatch away, deprive | umphuci a shaver, a barber someone who deprives someone of something | impuco a razor deprivation shaving |
| ukuphuma > come out, go out, exit > rise, emerge > originate from somewhere > come away, leave > desert, secede > discharge, give forth > be born prematurely | alikho | impumalanga the East iphumamlonyeni an utterance, a remark umphumela an after-effect impumelelo outcome, issue success uphumo desertion, secession |
| ukuphumula > rest | alikho | isiphumulo resting place, wayside inn umphumulo rest impumuzo relief, rest |
| ukuphundla > strip off, knock off > deprive of something > impoverish | uphundla a poor man, impoverished person impundle person bereft of a family | impundle a tree stripped of leaves or branches |
| ukuphunga > scare off, drive off; wave away; whisk off flies > drink hot or distasteful liquid > sip medicine, hot coffee or gruel | iphungandlebe headstrong person isiphungandlebe headstrong person, or one who won’t take advice iphungangezwa an irrepressible person, who acts in a wild way | iphunga an odour, a fragrance, a smell isiphunga a fly-switch a fly-swatter impungelo froth on top of beer isiphungo liquid medicine taken internally liquid refreshment umphungo drink, draught soup disinfectant |
| ukuphungula > lessen, diminish > cause something to wane or shrink in numbers reduce | alikho | iphungula / -o medicine brewed for srteaming a sick person umphungulelo something served out or dipped out to give another person umphungulo lessening, reduction, diminishing, relief |
| ukuphunza > have a miscarriage > have an abortion | alikho | isiphunzi a tree stump a stationary object scarecrow umphunzo abortion |
| ukuphupha > dream > act foolishly, speak nonsense > lose savour, lose colour, fade | iphuphamini an idiot impuphamini an idiot umpuphe degenerate person of dull intellect a fool, an idiot isiphuphi senseless talker umphuphi a dreamer | umphuphe faded, discoloured object iphupho a dream |
| ukuphuphuma > overflow > bubble over > be overcome with emotion > have a miscarriage | isiphuphuma an impetuous person a person difficult to control | impuphuma overflow superfluity |
| ukuphuphutha > grope about, feel one’s way in the dark > go in search of food > look for grazing | alikho | isiphuphutho food cooked without seasoning |
| ukuphusha > puff, blow > make noise of escaping air or steam > pinch or nip > become worthless, lose flavour | isiphusha person who has lost value or flavour | iphusho / -u a pinch with the fingers |
| ukuphutha > fail, be ineffective > omit to act > be absent, missing, lacking | isiphutha a person with defective hearing an obstinate, pig-headed person a disobedient person | iphutha failing, shortcoming, omission |
| ukuphuthula chafe, graze | alikho | umphuthulo abrasion, chafing, rub-mark, grazing |
| ukuphuza > drink > be slow or late > delay | impuzi person fond of drinking isiphuzi a habitual drinker, a drunkard an alcoholic | uphuzi a pumpkin pip a pumpkin plant isiphuzo drink, beverage uphuzo a drinking party |
| ukupininiza > run swiftly > spin like a top | isipininizane short, energetic person | isipininizane a small, spinning object |
| ukupopola > examine medically > look through a telescope or microscope | umpopoli medical examiner health inspector | alikho |
The following table is for iziqu in Q
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuqagela > guess | alikho | umqagelo guess-work guessing conjecture, estimation |
| ukuqaka > menstruate | alikho | iqakelo heavy menstruation sanitary pad iqako menstruation |
| ukuqakala > begin, start, initiate > provoke, arouse, incite > attack unfounded | alikho | iqakala ankle isiqakalo attack provocation |
| ukuqala > commence, begin, start > commence on, attack like a sickness > provoke a quarrel | ingqalabutho first born human foundation member of a club or regiment pioneer iqalandevu a young man just beginning to grow a moustache umqalekisi one who curses umqali a beginner, a novice one who provokes a quarrel | umqala the first 6 vertebrae, the cervical vertebrae the neck ingqala a first sight or occasion a rare or suprising sight, action or occurrence anything of suprassing beauty or excellence ingqalabutho something happening for the first time isiqalekiso a curse isiqaliso commencement, beginning, cause ingqalizivele thing that was never seen before ingqalo first occasion, first sight, rare occurrence isiqalo origin, beginning, commencement provocation prefix |
| ukuqalaba > be self-confident | inqalaba a self-confident person isiqalaba a self-possessed or self-confident person | ingqalaba a small skin-bag isiqalaba a hard, tough object ubuqalaba self-confidence |
| ukuqamba > invent, make up, compose > initiate > fabricate | ingqambi composer umqambi inventor | iqambo hlonipha term for a song or lies ingqambo invention umqambo ornament |
| ukuqamekela > lie in wait for, waylay > anticipate > obstruct | umqamekeli ambusher | umqamekelo obstruction, ambush anticipation, forestalling |
| ukuqanda > be very cold > be very loud, ear-splitting > speak decisively, be convincing > strike down, attack, bring down a victim > cleave apart, separate, divide, split apart | alikho | iqanda egg ingqanda anything amazing in its good or bad qualities, like something suprassingly beautiful, decisively clear, incredibly rich |
| ukuqansa > be steep > pull up a steep hill | alikho | umqansa steep road umqanso steep road steep gradiant |
| ukuqapha watch intently, be on the look-out be warned | ingqapheli sharp-witted, intelligent person shrewd, observant person | isiqapheliso caution, warning isiqapho preface |
| ukuqaqa > rip up, rip open, undo a seam > explain a difficulty > surround | alikho | uqaqa a belt of perpendicular rocks running round the top of a hill |
| ukuqaqamba > ache, throb | alikho | umqaqambelo throbbing pain umqaqambo aching, throbbing pain |
| ukuqasha > hire, rent > live together loosely; cohabit | umqashi hirer, tenant umqashisi landlord | umqasho living together out of wedlock hiring |
| ukuqatha > break up new soil > crunch something hard > be undersized or stunted > become strong > approach adolescence or puberty | alikho | ubuqatha sincerity, soundness hardness, strength, firmness uqathane hard biscuit ingqatho new ground broken up for the first time anything very hard and dried up uqatho distaste unpopularity charm used to cause unpopularity |
| ukuqaziyela > presume, conjecture; anticipate > prophesy | alikho | umqayizelo presumption, conjecture, anticipation prophecy |
| ukuqeda > complete, finish, bring to an end, stop > gnaw away like disease or pain | umqedazwe a great traveller a wanderer | umqedazwe an epidemic |
| ukuqeketha > chatter, gossip > speak ably or fluently > go straight along | ingqekethi an able or fluent speaker | alikho |
| ukuqeqesha > train, instruct > make someone efficient > drill soldiers | umqeqeshi a coach | uqeqesho discipline coaching |
| ukuqhafa > live careless, delinquent life > be uncouth, rough or unmannerly > drink heavily | umqhafi rough,uncouth fellow heavy drinker | ubuqhafi uncouthness, unmannerliness heavy drinking |
| ukuqhakanyeka > shudder, have a creepy feeling | alikho | umqhakanyeko shudder spasm of fear or horror |
| ukuqhamuka > appear unexpectedly, come suddenly into view > proceed from | alikho | iqhamuka seepage or cavity worn by underground water bridge |
| ukuqhansa > stand out, show clearly | alikho | umqhansa varicose vein prominent muscle |
| ukuqhashiya > be unstable > move restlessly about > jump about > grow sparsely, be dotted about here and there > be unreliable, “beat about the bush”, be contradictory | iqhashiya unreliable person someone who contradicts himself | ubuqhashiya unreliability, instability contradiction deceit restlessness |
| ukuqhatha > set on to fight, set one against another | umqhathi one who causes quarrels an antagonist | alikho |
| ukuqhaza > stitch together, join, splice, tie together > grasp, catch suddenly hold of | isiqhaza person with a plug in the lobe of his ear | iqhaza stitch, splicing protuberance external growth isiqhaza plug for a hole in the lobe of an ear plug for anything |
| ukuqhebeza > talk much, chat, gossip > press over (a latch or catch) > switch something on | isiqhebeza lively, talkative person | isiqhebeza catch (of a bag or case) latch (of a door) switch |
| ukuqhekeka > burst open, gape, lie exposed > secede, break away | alikho | uqhekeko secession desertion quarrel |
| ukuqhenya > show off, display, strut > be proud (reflexive) | alikho | umqhenyo strutting proud style of walking showing off |
| ukuqhetha > sit at ease, settle down comfortably > sit at table > sit aloof; keep out of things; avoid interfering | alikho | iqhetho low stool modest method of sitting a sitting at table umqhetho a sitting at ease a sitting around the table keeping aloof |
| ukuqhikiza > move, vibrate, shake, twitch > nudge with an elbow > affect the emotions, touch > frizz the hair | iqhikiza full-grown girl | ubuqhikizo woman’s head-dress |
| ukuqhinga > isolate | alikho | iqhinga art, craft in doing something plan, scheme isiqhingi island isolated cluster or group |
| ukuqhinqa > make a bundle, tie up a load > place side by side, place in rank > heap up, pile up, stack | alikho | iqhinqa stack of sorghum, weapons, etc. umqhinqa rank, serried line of soldiers umqhinqo large tied-up bundle large load pile, stack |
| ukuqhosha > be arrogant, conceited, boastful > buttong, pin together, fasten with a clip or pin | isiqhosha an uppish, conceited person iqhoshela conceited person | iqhosha a brass button a pin |
| ukuqhuba > drive along (as loose cattle); urge on > make pogress, push along | iqhubankomo cattle-thief a girl for whom ilobolo has been arranged | iqhubankomo a star seen about September in the early morning inqubekela-phambili progress, advancement isiqhubekezo incentive inqubeko progress inqubo progress |
| ukuqhuma > burst, explode, pop > come out, grow like teeth | umqhumane young, fresh person, still growing | iqhume young marijuana young tooth just appeared; protruding growth pop-corn umqhumo long column of people, cattle etc. |
| ukuqhumuka > burst out, burst forth > sprout > flow out, issue out, debouch | alikho | umqhumuko an issuing forth, a debouching a mass of people who have come out |
| ukuqhuqha > shiver from cold > tremble from fear > trot as a horse | alikho | uqhuqho shivering fit, ague umqhuqho shivering trotting of a horse amaqhuqhwane shivering fit |
| ukuqhwabaza > patter like rain-drops > tap, rap, strike lightly > snap the fingers | alikho | iqhwabazi rain-drop |
| ukuqhwaga > sieze, take by force > rob, plunder | isiqhwaga a bully, a giant a fearsome person | uqhwaga cartilage |
| ukuqhwaka > be in a raised position, be elevated > prop up, support | alikho | isiqhwakelo chair, elevated seat, throne |
| ukuqika > obstruct, prevent > overthrow, defeat > baffle, puzzle | alikho | isiqikaqika big, dead weight baffling affair isiqikatha an important affair, serious matter a whole; a complete, solid article essential part, essence isiqikela circlet of beas worn by girls around the head umqikelo guess |
| ukuqina > be firm, solid, strong, stout, hard > put on physical firmness (as a child at about 7 years old) > be crafty, wily; be wide awake | iqinambana smart, wide-awake child | isiqina hlonipha term for courage ingqinela a taking advantage, bullying superior cunning |
| ukuqingatha > be half full > be incomplete > carry on one shoulder | isiqingatha half-witted person impotent person umqingatha an impotent man | isiqingatha contents of a half-full vessel incomplete contents a rickshaw |
| ukuqinisa > make firm, tight, steadfast; strengthen > act with determination or energy; grasp firmly; work vigorously > strengthen with medicinal charms > confirm, ratify; fulfil one’s word; speak positively, asseverate; speak the truth > encourage > confirm > swear | umqinisi attestor | ingqinisela perseverance, determination isiqiniselo certificate iqiniso truth, fact isiqiniso attestation umqiniso confirmation |
| ukuqinta > lie fallow, stand idle, be unused; keep quiet | uqinta idler, lazy person | isiqinti portion of land plot of land |
| ukuqoba > cut into small pieces; chop up, mince up > weary, tire out > trouble, inconvenience | alikho | umqobe large column umqobelo ingredient uqobo reality, truth, fact essence umqobo large column of men or animals |
| ukuqogela > amass, store up, accumulate | alikho | umqogelelo accumulation |
| ukuqoka > choose, select | alikho | umqoka chief place, reserved seat as for a chief |
| ukuqokotha > twist together, twine closely together > consolidate, bind firmly | alikho | inqokothane a holding closely together cohesion, solidarity inqokothela close attachment adhesion |
| ukuqonda > understand, comprehend, grasp the meaning of something, recognize > make up the mind, be determined upon something, decide > make straight for, go directly towards, aim straight at something > be straight | umqondisi director | isiqondiso implication explanation iqondo stitch or single binding directions for administering medicine ingqondo understanding, common sense mind, intelligence meaning, purport, sense of a statement isiqondo right direction, uprightness, righteousness person of upright character umqondo meaning, will intention, ideal, aspiration |
| ukuqonga > rise up; reach the brim, get full to the brim, be heaped up > speak in a very loud voice | alikho | isiqongo summit, top, apex capital city umqongo pile, heap, raise-up mass |
| ukuqonqela > amass, accumulate, hold in possession > be self-centred, selfish | iqonqela selfish, stingy person | ubuqonqela stinginess |
| ukuqopha > cut out; notch, cut notches, cut slits; peck holes > decorate with bead-work or incised patterns > mark, mark off, indicate > signalize, bestow honour on; give praise title to > analyse; resolve the constituent parts | umqopho person skilled in cutting and notching skins or doing decorative work sculptor, wood-carver | isiqopha woodpecker isiqopho instrument for carving or notching |
| ukuqoqa > collect, gather together, make a collection > summarize | alikho | ingqoqelelo collection, compilation iqoqo collection, assemblage, heap, group isiqoqo summary |
| ukuqotha > grind dry; powder, pulverize > complete work thoroughly > wipe out | umqothi grinder, pulverier | isiqotha a short, heavy stick a baton iqotho knuckle ingqotho powder decisive word or act umqotho powder, face-powder, baking powder |
| ukuquba > run along, raise up dust > lie down in hiding, sleep in the open veld | alikho | ingquba heap of rubbish manure accumulation of dust floating particles of dust in the air impurities in the water umquba manure |
| ukuqukatha > cling to, stick to, refuse to part from > contain, hold > keep in the memory, hold a grudge against someone | alikho | isiqukatha solid, compact mass anything bound solidly together ubuqukatha solidarity |
| ukuqula > fell, knock down > decide a law-case, investigate, try,examine > hesitate doubt > place in a cluster; pour in volume, throw over > cluster, together; setlle in a cluster | isiqulamacala magistrate, judge, one who tries cases umquli one who tries cases a magistrate | iqula tuft of grass, dry grass isiqulamadlebe bat umquleko fit swoon iqulo a cluster, group, swarm, multitude iqulu cluster, group, swarm umqulu bundle, roll of paper or blankets |
| ukuqumba > swell out, become swollen or flatulent > be sulky or angry > throw down heavily > be constipated | isiqumbi sulker, grumpy person | umqumbalala swollen object iqumbe grumpiness, grumps, sulks inqumbe bud heap of soil, mound ingqumbi great heap isiqumbi compact mass large group, heap or pile crowd umqumbisa food that causes flautlence inqumbo anger |
| ukuqunda > blunt (an edge); dull (sharpness) > discourage; baulk; reduce effectiveness; make faint | alikho | ingqunda medicine, charm or preventive, used to blunt or assuage pain or hostile |
| ukuqunga > discolour, darken, make cloudy > invigorate, strengthen, fortify by medicinal charms; make callous, fearless > pour from a height, ladle up and down > mix together, brew, infuse > encourage, enhearten | uqunga a secret messenger sent to warn of danger | uqunga torch ingqunge curds, curdled milk umqunge stripe, discoloration iqungo fit of insanity blood-lust isiqungo concoction used for purifying after killing in battle strengthening medicine yeast percolator, infuser umqongo curds, mixed concoction |
| ukuquza > cause to return, turn back > pour out in volume > attack with fury, fly at something | alikho | amaquzaquza obstacles, difficulties, scruples |
| ukuqwala > strike on the head or on a hard surface with a hard instrument | isiqwala a hard, unsympathetic person | isiqwala / -o a fighting-stick umqwalathambo an impacted fracture |
| ukuqwasha > lie awake > be on the watch for something > look for something in vain | iqwashaqwasha an agitated, uneasy person a person who cannot make eye contact a fidget | alikho |
| ukuqwatha > clear off and leave bare > clear off vegetation > shave off all hair | alikho | uqwatha a bare place a bare spot shaved of all hair a desert a place denuded of all vegetation uqwathule a bare spot, a desert |
| ukuqwengula > cause to jump back; make something recoil > cause to change the mind; influence the opinion; poison the mind > intimidate > cause to secede > tear | alikho | isiqwengulo cause for altering one’s opinion cause for secession intimidation |
The following table is for iziqu in S
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukusakaza > scatter about, strew around > spread a report > strike a heavy blow | umsakazi a broadcaster | umsakazo a radio |
| ukusala > remain, stay behind, be left over > fall on the battlefield | umsalawodwa a hermit a person of a retiring nature an agoraphobe isalela a straggler insali a survivor umsali a survivor | insalela /-o a remnant insalo a remnant |
| ukusambatheka > be confused, puzzled > make a mistake from nervousness | alikho | insambatheka confusion, muddling insambatheko a puzzling affair confusion isisambatheko a wrong move a slip a mistake isisambathi wrong move slip mistake |
| ukusangana > be confused in mind, muddled, mixed > be of a silly, giddy nature | alikho | insanganeka lunacy muddling of the brain confusion something difficult to understand insangano confused state of mind |
| ukusangulula > bring round, bring to one’s senses > rouse, wake up | alikho | insangulula disillusionment |
| ukusantabula > run swiftly, fly along > throw out one’s legs with speed > get through a piece of work with speed > travel further than expected > shoot up like a fast-flogrowingwing person or tree | insantabula / -i tall, muscular man a swift runner | alikho |
| ukusebenza > work, labour, work at > administer medical treatement to someone > conduct a ritual | isisebenzi servant, employee workman umsebenzi workman labourer | umsebenzi work, job, occupation task, assignment ritual insebenzo wages, payment for work |
| ukuseka > support, prop up | isekela a supporter, assistant | isisekelo prop, support foundation stone iseko a hearthstone (one of three) used to support a pot over the fire isiseko small, hard stone used for roughening the surface of the grindstone and for supporting it when rickety useko shore, edge, margin |
| ukusenga > milk a cow > pump someone for information > stroke down the beard | insengi a skilful milker umsengi an army commander a superior officer a milker a person of pleasing appearance | isengelo hlonipha term for a pail insengwakazi heavy-milking cow, that gives abundant milk |
| ukusesha > search by warrant > pump for information | umseshi a detective | alikho |
| ukusha > burn, be on fire, get burned > dry up (as water in a pot, in a riverbed, in a bong, or in a spring) > become hoarse > get into an awkward or uncomfortable position, get into a fix, fail | intsha the youth young people | ubusha freshness, newness, youthfulness intshabusuku blister with skin |
| ukushaba > go bad, go wrong > get done wrongly > come out unsuccessfully > be a failure > come to naught | alikho | ushaba ferocious temper fidgety person who is constantly restless umshaba temporary hut replacing one detroyed |
| ukushabalala > come to naught > be annihilated, destroyed, abolished > disappear, evaporate > be dishevelled | umshabalalisi destroyer apollyon | amashabalala dishevelled hair disorderly thatch |
| ukushada > get married in a Christian ceremony | umshadisi a marriage officer | umshado marriage, wedding |
| ukushaluza > appear momentarily, flash past > be continuously on the move; be on the run about work > be an idle wanderer | umshaluzane idle wanderer vagabond umshaluzi vagabond, vagrant | alikho |
| ukushan(y)ela > sweep, brush away | alikho | ishanelo a broom of shrub-twigs umshan(y)elo a hand-broom of grass |
| ukushaya > strike, hit, beat, knock, flog, whip, thrash > chastise, punish > play an instrument > appear to be, make out to be, pretend to be > have a good harvest > finish off, complete > destroy | ishayakhothe double-faced rascal who pretends friendship but stabs you in the back umshayeli a driver umshayi a striker | ishayakhothe a clean sweep, clean finishing off isishayelelo a preface isishayo punishment, chastisement |
| ukusheba > eat a mixed meal, alternating meat and vegetables > flavour something with a sauce > have an easy victory, succeed easily | alikho | isishebo mixed grill mixed meal umshebo mixed meal easy victory |
| ukusheka > have diarrhoea > be passionate, ardent, enthusiastic > tremble with fear | isisheki passionate, ardent, enthusiastic person | intshekane diarrhoea umshekelelo detour umshekelo a place outside a kraal where the manure is carried by the rain a bird dropping usheko loose, semi-liquid stool (as of diarrhoea, of a bird |
| ukushela > burn for, dry up for, become hoarse for, fail for > stick to, adhere closely to, burn onto > fit tightly > burn with desire for, have passion for, desire something with great longing > woo, court | isishelashela a confirmed invalid someone confined to a place isisheli one who courts one who is being courted | intshela burnt food adhering to the bottom of a pot |
| ukusheleza > polish a surface > make something slippery > smoothe something off, level something, plane something smooth > move along with shuffling gait, dragging the feet | alikho | intshelezi slippery place slide skating rink ubushelezi smoothness, slipperiness, polished surface sensation of having the teeth on edge |
| ukushicilela > make an impression | umshicileli printer | isishicelelo printing machine ushicilelo a printing imprint |
| ukushikaqa > medicate with charms to render someone invulnerable | umshikaqo person treated with charm so as to be disliked | umshikaqo medicinal charm to render invulnerable |
| ukushikashika > work laboriously, toil away at > crumple or crease by rough usage > maul | alikho | umshikashika severe struggle (mental or physical) great exertion heavy work |
| ukushikisha > rub, rub out, rub off, rub in > wriggle into, work in by wriggling > pester, irritate | ushikishi irritating, ill-humoured person determined, tireless person | ushikishi unending work umshikisho friction, rubbing |
| ukushinga > act wrongly, do wrong | ishinga wrong-doer, ruffian mischievous person entertaining person isishingi habitual wrongdoer | ubushinga wrong-doing nature mischievousness |
| ukushingosha > treat with charms in order to render unattractive | alikho | isishingoshi medicinal charm to render a person unattractive |
| ukushisa > burn, consume, set alight, scorch > be burning hot, burn, smart > dry up, cause to dry up > iron > brand > be unhealthy | isishisekeli zealous person | ishisa artefact decorated with poker-work or burnt-in patterns a woven artefact with pattern made by coloured material ishisandlu the north-west wind ushisanyama a grill room intshisekelo longing, desire, craving isishiso catarrh iron for clothes electrical massage instrument |
| ukushishibala > be stunted, undersized, undergrown | alikho | isishishibala stunted person, animal or plant |
| ukushiya > leave behind, abandon, forsake > omit, leave out > excel, suprass | alikho | ishiya eyebrow umshiya meadowland isishiyagalolunye nine isishiyagalombili eight |
| ukusho > say > mean, intend, think, mention, understand | alikho | isisho a saying, a remark umusho scratch, mark, stripe sentence |
| ukushoba > draw in, withdraw, contract like a tail or the horns of a snail > disappear, contract | alikho | ishoba a bushy tail intshoba bushy tail, bushy end of a tail umshoba bushy tail, tuft at the end of a tail |
| ukushobinga urinate, pass water | alikho | umshobingo urine |
| ukushobonga chatter away regardless of the truth | ishobongo careless chatterer talker whose word is worthless | alikho |
| ukushokobeza > rebel, turn traitor | umshokobezi rebel | alikho |
| ukushona > sink, go down > go out of sight, disappear > set (of the sun), go down (of the moon) > die > lose heavily; become poor, bankrupt or ruined | intshonakweneni very short person isishoni very poor man, bankrupt man | intshonalanga the west |
| ukushosha > drag oneself along on the ground > stalk along bending low > walk or run along the ground like a bird | isishosha cripple, person with cramped or deformed legs | umshoshaphansi underhand propaganda crippling disease pensioner’s allowance intshoshela sly movement towards something or someone |
| ukushoshozela > smart, like a sore > be zealous, over-eager, impetuous | ishoshozela impetuous, zealous person | alikho |
| ukushuba > finish off at a single stroke > become thick, firm > set, congeal > become mature | alikho | umshubo an effective stroke sudden death |
| ukushulubeza > dart about, dodge about, swoop down like a bird of prey > act as a spy or scout > advance silently like a warrior attacking | ishulubezi a person dodging hither and thither umshulubezi person dodging hither and thither with swift action scout, spy | isishulubezi a hurricane, gale or sweeping wind umshulubezo darting, stealthy movement |
| ukushumayela > talk, converse, discourse; give an address > preach, exound, spread a doctrine | umshumayeli a preacher | intshumayelo a sermon, address or preaching |
| ukushunqa > rise up in a column (like smoke or dust) > smoke, give forth smoke > shoot forth > exert pressure | alikho | umshunqiselo medicine for inhalation or fumigation |
| ukushuqula > wrap up, cover, conceal | alikho | ishuqula thick, dried grass in winter-time isishuqula old, dry grass bundle concerted action umshuqulo turban, doek, head-covering of cloth isishuqulu large bundle, parcel |
| ukushusha > press, harass > be restless > string beads, thread something | umshushisi prompter, one who keeps things going a court prosecutor | intshushiso persecution isishushiso accelerator umshushiso encouragement persecution nagging |
| ukushushumba > glide quickly along, drift away like a cloud > steal away, withdraw stealthily > dance with swaying of body and no movement of lower limbs | umshushumbi a smuggler a sneak | umshushumbo smuggling a stealing away, a stealthy departure |
| ukushwakama > evaporate, dry up | alikho | umshwamuko evaporation |
| ukushwaqa > take clean away, remove at a sweep > contract, shrink together > be astringent, pungent > be amazed, astonished, unnerved | alikho | ishwaqa anything burnt to a cinder an astringent a dry cake of cattle-dung, used as fuel beer beginning to sour before proper fermentation intshwaqantshwaqa dried, shrivelled-up fruit astringent substance umshwaqo a collecting and wholesale removal |
| ukushwawuza > make a hissing sound (as when heating something hot) > crumple, crinkle up | alikho | intshwawuzo hastily prepare meal |
| ukushwila > spin, revolve, rotate > grow spiral (like horns), twist > twist, twirl > reply witheringly to someone | umshwilane a tall, slender person with a delicate gait | umshwilane a twisted, spiral object amashwilela twists and turns amashwilishwili a twisting, winding, twirling, spinning, circling round |
| ukusicila > crush flat > rub with hard, pressing movement > make an impression, stamp, register > act finally, conclude | alikho | isisicilelo registration seal stamp isisicilo seal, stamp umsicilo seal, stamp final action, finality crushed object or material |
| ukusihla > crush, press down to crush | alikho | isisihla stain, tainting mark, blot bruise smear, blotch |
| ukusika > cut, cut across, divide > hint at, make insinuations about something > imitate, follow an example, copy > distress mentally | umsiki one who cuts out patterns a tailor, a dressmaker umsikibunda a rumour-monger a gossiper a reporter | ubusika winter isiko a cut or incised wound imitation custom, practice, habit or manners usiko a border, an edge a preciice, a cliff umsiko a cut, an incision sharp pains, labour pains (when in plural form) a dress fashion isikothi a common custom a universal habit |
| ukusilela > be deficient in, come short of | alikho | insilela deficieny, short-coming |
| ukusimama > stand firmly, regain vigour after a period of weakness or sickness | umsimama a convalescent person | umsimama grass or vegetation which has recovered from transplanting or disturbance |
| ukusimeka > pierce, drive in a spear, nail or skewer > cut into strips for roasting or drying | alikho | insimeko joint or portion of meat prepared for roasting isisimeko wooden skewer used in roasting meat |
| ukusimula hurl a weapon | alikho | isimula > weapons > spoils of war; a trophy |
| ukusina > dance > celebrate a wedding dance > make sport of something, make fun of something | insini a professional dancer umsini dancer | umsino dance dancing-party |
| ukusina > grin, show the teeth, snarl > become jagged | insinansina person with facial muscles tense muscularly built person insineka grinning person, who shows his teeth isisini person with a gap in his front teeth | insinansina difficult problem interminable investigation ubusinasina insolubility of a problem or difficulty insini laughter, ridicule, jeering a showing of the gums isisini gap between the teeth notch or jagged gap in a blade usini derision, sneering, contempt, scorn |
| ukusinda be heavy be too much for weigh heavily | insindansinda a heavily built person | isinda heavy metal armlet of brass or copper insindansinda a very important matter a very heavy weight isinde undue pressure, force insindensinde very heavy weight isisindo weight, measure weight, heaviness dignity, influence personality importance |
| ukusinda escape recover from illness | umsindisi rescuer, savious | insindiso salvation, redemption rescue, cure usindiso salvation, rescue isindo rescue, escape insindo rescue, escape |
| ukusingila > clear up, tidy > blame wholesale for the fault of one person > charge someone falseley > walk with the head up > lie across, be in the way | alikho | insingili hindrance, difficulty hitch, check umsingili hindrance, stumbling-block, difficulty insingilo false charge unmerited blame |
| ukusitha > screen from view, intercept > hide from light, shade > get in the way | alikho | isitha seclusion private place insithamehlo blinkers isisithelo a screen isisitho interception, screen |
| ukusithibala be overcast, clouded over | alikho | isisithibezo overshadowing mystification |
| ukusiza > help, aid, assist, succour | umsizi helper, assistant | insizakalo help, relief insizakubulala treacherous act usizo help, succour, aid, assistance advantage, use |
| ukusizila > destroy, wipe out, finish > crush beneath the wheel > steam-roll, press hard with slipping pressure | alikho | umsizila slippery descent over smooth rock or clay umsizilo heavy drag-mark |
| ukusoka > circumcise | isoka a boyfriend a lover isisoka an unmarried dependent | alikho |
| ukusola > find fault, grumble > express dissatisfaction > chatter with fright or suspicion > find fault with someone, reprove, blame or criticise > express doubt, be suspicious > be out of order, cause irritation | alikho | isolo grumbling, complaint reproval, blame criticism insolo fault-finding grumbling dissatisfaction criticism usolo a secret warning, a secret understanding, a secret message a conspiracy |
| ukusonga > fold, roll up, coil up, wrap up > entangle in argument; intrigue > begin to form like a foetus in a womb > threaten > determine, aim at | insonge a person with crooked eye or limb umsongi one who folds or wraps up | insonga ammonite insongansonga anything coiled, twisted winding road insonge curve, bend, curl, winding insongelo threat usongelo threat insongensonge spiral object anything lyign in coils or twists insongo threat, menace usongo threat, menace intrigue |
| ukusongoza > devise, contrive, plan, think out, scheme | alikho | isongozo plan, scheme, device |
| ukusonta > twist > misstate, distort, twist words, misrepresent | alikho | insontane twisted, warped object insonte anything twisted, like koodoo horns or woollen thread insontela beast with twisted horns mouth twisted to one side umsonti upright yellow-wood tree insonto rope of twisted calf-skin woollen thread umsonto thread in twisted, woven work |
| ukusubatha > run fast, speed off | umsubathi a sprinter an athlete | alikho |
| ukusuka > go off, go away, remove oneself, move away, set off on a journey, start off > originate, start from some cause > grow up quickly, grow tall | insukangihlale a loafer, who sponges off others | umsuka fang or root of a tooth tang or shank part of a spear or hoe-head core of a tumour root or essence of a matter origin root of a word insukangihlale jealousy, covetousness a temporary settlement insukansukane constant shifting and moving about of people usukasihambe a beautiful object isisuko origin, cause, motive |
| ukusula > wipe, dust, polish > erase | umsulwa clean, neat person chaste, moral person | isisulelo foot-wiper, door-mat scapegoat isisulo duster, disch-cloth, mop ubusulwa chastity, good morals, innocence |
| ukusungubeza > cause to pass through a narrow aperture > cause to succeed > negotiate narrow passes or channels | alikho | insungubezi small hole, gap a pass through a mountain a strait or channel in the sea narrow escape, success over difficulty small, sharp, piercing eyes |
| ukusungula > initiate, set going, inaugurate > incite, provoke > mark, watch for opportunity to attack | alikho | usungulo awl or large needle for piercing seedling umsungulo scheme, something initiated or inaugurated aim in view, object, purpose |
| ukususa remove, take away cause to set off, send forth, drive off deduct, subtract kill, remove | umsusi one who starts or originates anything a remover | isisusa cause, origin, motive |
| ukusutha > be satisfied with food, sated, satiated, be full of food, replete > have too much of anything, be surfeited | alikho | insutha satiety, an eating to the full umsutho an eating to the full satiety |
| ukusuza > break wind, fart | insuzelane an irritable, quick-tempered person | insuzelane stinging insect small biting insect umsuzo flatulence, farting |
| ukuswakama > become moist, damp | alikho | umswakama dampness, moisture rising from the ground damp place |
| ukuswela > be in need or want of something > be deficient > lack, require, miss > be at a loss about something | inswelaboya evil person, highwayman, robber, murderer iswelandlebe one who takes no advice umsweli > person in want | inswelakalo need, requirement, necessity inswelo need, requirement |
| ukuswempa > trick, cheat, bamboozle, deceive > grow stout | uswempe recluse stout person iswempe poor, indigent person | inswempu mysterious, incredible, unconvincing affair ubuswempu poverty, indigence uswempu unconvincing, incredible, mysterious affair |
The following table is for iziqu in T
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukutaka > place in a heap, accumulate > puzzle, be too much for; engross | alikho | isitaki a pile, heap, accumulation umtako a big proposition something that demands great and prolonged exertion to accomplish |
| ukutalasa > walk with the buttocks rudely turned up > show contemputous disregard | isitalasi contemptuous person rude, boastful person | ubutalasi contemptuous disregard rudeness |
| ukutana > be exhausted > get tired, worn out | alikho | amatanatana mainifold hindrances bewildering number or quantity something bewildering |
| ukutanya > have an easy, comfortable life > walk with comfortable assurance > eat to the full, fully satisfy the appetite > be clear or straightforward | alikho | umtanya delicious drink intanyatanya soft, tender object delicious food or drink |
| ukutapa > extract, take out honey from a hive or ore from a mine > demolish, pull down > touch or step on something soft or sticky > feast the eyes, gaze intently > gather foodstuffs for immediate use > grow long (like horns or nails) | umtapbi collector of honey, moulding clay etc. a mine-owner | itapo a double handful anything that can be scooped up with two hands umtapo a source of supply (of clay, ore, honey, knowledge) a mine a library a wholesale store a warehouse |
| ukutatabuka > try to walk, walk supporting oneself > show signs of returning health > act lazily | intatabuka a physically weak person, of slow movements | alikho |
| ukutatama > drag oneself along (as a very weak person does) > commence to walk (as a child does, holding on) > become convalescent, show signs of returning health | umtatama slow, decrepit person a physically weak person umtatamisi a hospital assistant a nurse an orderly | alikho |
| ukutebha > show wilful disregard; be indifferent > wear a loin-cloth in a slovenly way so as to expose the upper part of the buttocks > wear garments carelessly so as to show a division | alikho | umtebhiso style of wearing clothes low or long |
| ukutebekesa > procrastinate in some way; put something off until later > leave a child to their own devices, omitting to punish or correct them > lack enthusiasm or interest | alikho | umtebekeso procrastination |
| ukutetema > be peevish, fretful > be fastidious, particular > grumble, find continual fault > be slow in growth (like a sickly child or poor crops) > be delicate | isitetemana short, stunted, drawish person intetemisa a peevish, spoilt child a fault-finding person | alikho |
| ukutha > give a name to someone; christen or nickname someone >pour something into a vessel with a small aperture, through a funnel > inject an enema > select, pick out the best | utha the first child or the first wife of a man | ukuthakazi contemptuous, insignificant object |
| ukuthabela > be delighted for; be satisfied with; be in a good mood towards > challenge playfully | alikho | ithabela a playful challenge ithabelo approval, delight, great joy |
| ukuthaka > compound > concot medicinal mixtures > mix up medicines > dispense | umthaki mixer of medicines dispenser chemist | isithako medicinal concoction prescription ingredient |
| ukuthakatha > practise witchcraft > deal in harmful or nefarious charms, concoctions or poisons > act with skill | umthakathi one who practises witchcraft; a witch or wizard a skilful person tapeworm | ubuthakathi witchcraft, wizardry, sorcery skill |
| ukuthakazela > be genial towards > be kind to someone > show courtesy to someone > welcome, greet on arrival > adulate, laud, praise flatteringly > congratulate | umthakazeli a genial, kind person one who praises or congratulates | isithakazelo adulation, flattering praise, laudation, congratulation a clan salutation peculiar to each clan isithakazo title, surname, cognomen name of distinction |
| ukuthalaza > look hither and thither > search about > peer about | uthalazi fearful person, who peers about nervously intractable person, who is difficult to persuade | uthalazi a hard, intractable object |
| ukuthambama > slant, decline like the sun after midday > become afternoon > cool down | alikho | intambama afternoon a cooling down |
| ukuthambeka > slope, lean, incline > place something sloping > cause something to lean > tip something up | umthambekela vassal | umthambeka a sloping place an incline intambekela slope submission, subservience umthambekela slope, incline inclination |
| ukuthambisa > soften, make supple > tame, domesticate > cool the temper | alikho | intambiso medicine for chest complaints soothing words, syrup or medicine persuasion umthambiso amelioration, easing, softening |
| ukuthanda > plait, weave > wind, twine tound, encase with coils > do artistic work > carve | alikho | intandela any creeper or climbing isithando a blacksmith’s shop umthando entwining, coiling plaited material coil of wire |
| ukuthanda > like, love, be fond of > value, esteem, admire, prefer | izithandani lovers umthandi one who likes or loves something intandokazi a favourite wife isithandwa beloved person sweetheart popular person | intando will, free will, power of choice uthando liking, affection, love desire, fancy intandokazi a favourite thing |
| ukuthandabuza > be slow, be sluggish > doubt, be in doubt | alikho | umthandabuzo sloth, laziness, lethargy doubt |
| ukuthandaza > beg, beseech > pray, make supplication | alikho | umthandazo prayer, supplication |
| ukuthantatha > gain the mastery of something, be self confident > deviate, wander off the path > strike, hit | umthanti a precious person a gifted person | umthantatho narrow way, causeway vain, fruitless quest |
| ukuthapha > extract, take out honey from a hive, ore from a mine > demolish, pull down > touch or step on something soft or unpleasant > gaze intently, feast the eyes upon > gather foodstuffs for immediate use > take freely > grow long like horns or fingernails | umthaphi collector or honey, moulding clay, ore etc. a mine-owner | ithapho double handful umthapho source of supply mine, library, source of clay wholesale store warehouse |
| ukuthasisela > add on a bit > comment on something | alikho | isithasiselo additional portion something added on a comment |
| ukuthatha > take, receive > lay hold of something > carry something away > begin, commence > marry | ithatha forward, precocious person isithatha a smart, celver person a skilled person isithathabulembu a person lacking energy or initiative a lackadaisical person intatheli a reporter, a journalist a gossip or tale-bearer a person who is quick at picking up a tune or song umthathisi a conductor of a band or choir | ubuthatha insolence precociousness ithatha a barbed spear a long flowing moustache umthatha fresh mealie grains before being stored isithathabantwana Mantis isithathabulembu slimy covering on the surface of water a fabulous monster intathelo a setting-off, a starting-off a circuitous course sloth, slowness lack of spirit |
| ukuthefula > be oily or slimy > grease something > be unattractive > speak in Qwabe fashion, using ‘y’ in place of ‘l’ | ithefula a person who speaks in Qwabe fashion | uthefulo Qwabe dialect |
| ukuthekela > solicit food from a friend in time of scarcity > court danger or trouble > import something | isithekeli one who solicits food umthekeli one who solicits food from friends in times of scarcity a woman umthekelikazi a young married woman when breastfeeding her first child | umthekeliso exported article exports (plural form) umthekelo imported article imports (plural form) |
| ukuthekeleza > tie a knot > tie, bind > gossip, tell tales > exaggerate | alikho | amathekelezana exaggerations, rumours, tales, lies umthekelezo knot |
| ukuthela > pour; pour out, pour into > sprinkle, scatter over > throw down > bear fruit > blossom, bloom > pay tax > submit, give in, yield, surrender | alikho | intela tax intelabulima a stupefying affair a matter which makes one appear foolish intelakabili double taxation uthelawayeka concerted action simultaneous attack lack of control lawlessness a freeway umthelela anything additional reinforcement, auxiliary subdivision, portion offspring effect umthelelo a poisonous concoction placed on the groun or in a victim’s food, to kill by witchcraft intelo poisonous concoction used in witchcraft isithelo fruit, crop deed, product of work |
| ukutheleza > smoothe, make smooth > render ineffective, counteract > render charms innocuous > provide an antidote > increase, grow in size or number | alikho | intelezane protective sprinkling medicine ithelezi ineffectiveness, failure, lack of success, misfortune intelezi protective medicine protective charm calculated to render evil ineffective ubuthelezi smoothness, slipperiness sensation of having the teeth put on edge |
| ukuthemba > hope, trust > expect > trust in, have faith in, put confidence in, rely on someone | alikho | ithemba hope, trust, faith, expectation, reliance, belief intemba trust, reliance expectation, reliance, belief intembiso promise isithembiso promise, assurance |
| ukuthemeleza > speak pointlessly, talk inconclusively, talk on and on, gabble > sing praises; chant in honour of someone > pray devoutly; offer devout worship | alikho | isithemelezo praise, prayer, devout speech |
| ukuthena > castrate, emasculate > dock the end of pumpkin runners or potato tops to render them more fruitful > prune fruit-trees > discourage, lessen effectiveness | umtheni a castrator of animals | intena a recently castrated bull-calf umtheno castration a castrated animal |
| ukuthenda > roll along | alikho | intendeka slope |
| ukuthendeleza > roll > tie round, tie up, tether | intendelezi bulky, stout man | intendelezo spot outside the umuzi where the cows are milked |
| ukuthendemuza > be slow, lacking in energy > lack progress > impede progress, slow down or delay | alikho | intendemuzi impediment excuse protecting fence around an umuzi |
| ukuthenga > barter, trade > buy, purchase > pay back in one’s own coin, retaliate > bribe | umthengeli a shop assistant umthengi buye, a customer umthengisi seller, tradesman, hawker | intengiso a price commercial dealings, trade, commerce intengo buying, barter, trade price bargain |
| ukuthetha > scold, find fault noisily, nag > try law case, preside over a lawsuit > offer praises, prayer or sacrifices to the spirits > propitiate > give judgement in favour of someonel find them not guilty, let them off > be in sympathy with, be attracted by someone or something | isithethi one skilled in singing praises to the spirits scolding, noisy person, nagger umthethimacala a magistrate judge one who tries cases | intethelelo forgiveness intetho subject matter speech utterance isithetho favourable decision judgement in favour umthetho law, custom, rule, edict, statue pronouncement, arrangement, system |
| ukutheza > gather firewood > talk wildly, deliriously | alikho | amathezane nervousness, agitation, shyness digets, nervous twitches delirium uthezo hlonipha term for firewood |
| ukuthezuka > scream, shout > get upset, topple over > deviate in talk, say the wrong thing | alikho | umthezuka steep slope, precipitous place |
| ukuthiba > restrain, check > ward off > make a threatening grimace > prepare for combat | alikho | intibelo beer froth ladled from a boiling or fementing pot amelioration, pacification umthibo hlonipha term for umhluzi, gravy |
| ukuthikameza > disturb, distract, interrupt | alikho | isithikamezo disturbance, interruption |
| ukuthimba sit in a group stand about idly | ithimba a group of marriageable girls ithimbana group of young girls under marriageable age umthimbana small bridal party ithimbazana group of very little girls | alikho |
| ukuthimuka > burst into pieces > burst through > bloom, blossom, break into flower | alikho | isithimuk(el)a bumper crop blaze of blossom a bursting forth snorting, sneezing |
| ukuthimula > snort, sneeze | alikho | uthimula nasal mucus |
| ukuthinta > touch, handle, tap > irritate, provoke, disturb, meddle with > turn, cause to veer round > excel, do well | umthintandaba one who causes trouble | alikho |
| ukuthinziyela > make ambiguous > speak ambiguously > obscure the meaning of words | alikho | umthinziyelo ambiguity uncertainty in speech mystery |
| ukuthithibala > be helpless, low-spirited, depressed > be sodden | isithithibala helpless, low-spirited person one cowed, one depressed hlonipha term for insangu | alikho |
| ukuthiya > ensnare, trap; set a trap > hinder, prevent, obstruct > support, prop up | uthiye obstacle, hindrance intiyo verandah post isithiyo obstacle, hindrance snare trap | |
| ukuthiziyela > do with reluctance or hesitation | alikho | intiziyela reluctance, hesitation |
| ukuthoba > bend, bend down, lower, bow > humble, humiliate > quieten down, appease > foment, poultice > become humble | ithoba person with eyes of unequal size | intobeko humility isithobo poultice fomentation appeasing words (in plural form) |
| ukuthokela > climb monkey-fashion, climb a pole by grasping with legs and arms > improve by seasoning | alikho | isithokelo seasoning, flavouring anything used to improve the taste or quality |
| ukuthokomala > be snug, comfortable, cosy | alikho | intokomalo comfort, ease source of comfort or pleasure |
| ukuthokoza > be grateful, thankful > be happy, glad > express delight > enjoy good health > praise, express praise or gratitude for; give thanks to > enjoy | alikho | isithokozelo tribal praise-name gratitude, thanks imithokozo last struggles or utterances of a dying person izithokozo last struggles or utterances of a dying person intokozo delight, joy, enjoyment comfort, ease health intokozonqala enjoyment of first success |
| ukuthola > get, obtain > find, come upon > pick up > adopt, receive into family or community | itholela a gossip one who talks too much umtholi one who adopts a foster parent isitholwa adopted child | ithola mesh in a spider’s web intola a find, a lucky strike scarcity, scantiness, a meagre picking intolakabili double ration double receipt |
| ukuthomba > pass the first genital discharge signifying puberty: menstruate or have a wet dream for the first time > rust, oxidise > get a film (as stagnant water does) > get a layer of dust | intombi girl of marriageable age sweetheart, fiancee virgin | ithombe menstrual discharge ithombenkala rusty surface to stagnant water isithombo seedling healthy growth in a child umthombo a spring of water, a source ithombonkala rusty scum on stagnant water rusty incrustation on rocks where water trickles intombonkala iron bacteria colouring the water yellowish-red ubuntombi virginity maidenhood |
| ukuthontela > perch, climb high up > hop about like a bird | alikho | intontela a hopping about a tear running down the face isithonto small bundle momentary perching |
| ukuthonya > influence, fascinate, hypnotise > overshadow, transcend > swell, gain increase (as a river from a tributary) | alikho | ithonya influence, fascination, hypnotism ascendancy ithonyela a soft, pulpy object like a boiled potato |
| ukuthopha > have a fine, smooth, glossy surface like a polished stick > have a rich colour like a ripe peach > become soft, tender, well-cooked > speak praisingly of, flatter | alikho | ithophi the percussion cap of a gun isithopho praise-name term of endearment pet name |
| ukuthotha > place closely together > pack tightly > bind tightly together | alikho | uthotho aggregation, heap of articles things brought together row of teeth full set of teeth |
| ukuthothobala > be huddled up > be shrunk together | isithothobala a helpless person an invalid umthothobala a helpless person an invalid | alikho |
| ukuthothonga > render helpless > terrorize > hypnotize | umthothongo helpless person | alikho |
| ukuthuba > be overcast (as the sky) > disguise, change the appearance > hlonipha term for khanya, shine | alikho | ithuba opportunity, chance, opening intuba opening, passage, pass isithuba opening, passage time ithube discoloured object object changed in colour umthube discoloured object ithubela discoloured object something that has taken on a fresh colour bruise, skin or body discolouration umthubi yolk of an egg thick yellow milk of a cow immediately after calving species of yellow maize |
| ukuthubeleza dodge about, continually shift one’s place to avoid capture be unreliable | ithubelezi unreliable, vacillating person | alikho |
| ukuthubula > butt, bump, prod > kick | alikho | ithubulela contusion, swelling caused by a blow umthubulela contusion |
| ukuthufela > be stubbornly silent > be morose | isithufeli a morose person one who is stubbornly silent | alikho |
| ukuthuka > utter abusive language, swear, use insulting terms > abuse, insult | alikho | isithuko offensive, insulting name insult, slander dishonoured reputation |
| ukuthukusa > prod, poke > bore into > hide, conceal > sow seed > hlonipha term for ngcwaba, bury | alikho | intukusela reservation, withholding intukuso hiding, concealing secret |
| ukuthukuthela > get angry > be angry, annoyed, excited > be in earnest, be spirited > prosper, give good results | isithukutheli angry, excited person someone easily roused or annoyed courageous, high-spirited person | intukuthelo anger, wrath isithukuthezi emotion, zeal, enthusiasm boredom, uninteresting thing |
| ukuthukuza > prod, poke, thrust > bore in, tunnel > hide, conceal > sow seed | alikho | intukuzela reservation intukuzo hiding, concealment secret |
| ukuthula > be quiet, silent, still, peaceful | uthulasizwe person in authority, whose word is final isithuli a silent, reserved person uthulisazwe person of great importance or authority | uthulisazwe thing of great value |
| ukuthuma send send on an errand | isithunywa an emissary a messenger | |
| ukuthumba > take captive > take spoil, pillage > take stealthily, steal on the sly | umthumbi a captor, a pillager, a despoiler | alikho |
| ukuthunda > urinate, pass water | alikho | ithundabebhekene wholesale beer-drinking a feast of beer-drinking umthundo urine urinal |
| ukuthunga > sew, stitch together | alikho | intunga thatching grass grass uthunge long succession or row long, spun-out discourse isithungo bundle of grass, sticks or other objects tied together uthungo wattling; withies used as bonds for hut-building umthungo seam, hem stitch sewing median raphe ridge of the scrotum |
| ukuthunga > pour out, serve out liquid for drinking | alikho | ithunga wooden milking vessel; milk-pail |
| ukuthunqa > rise in a colum like dust or smoke > smoke or give forth smoke > exert pressure or speed | alikho | intunqa hlonipha term for intuthu, smoke uthunqathunqa cloud of dust incessant trouble isithunqisa a blunderbuss umthunqiselo medicine for inhalation or fumigation |
| ukuthuntubeza > blunt, make dull or ineffective > discourage | alikho | isithuntubezi blunt instrument ineffective medicine person of dull intellect person not interested in one of the other sex |
| ukuthutha > carry away, convey, transport, transfer; evacuate > remove from one dwelling to another; move house > tell tales; scandal; carry reports about | isithutha fool; stupid; silly fool umthuthambi scavenger, dustman | ubuthutha folly, stupidity intutho load, cargo freight transport |
| ukuthwala > carry on head or shoulders > be pregnant | isithwalamehlo undisciplined, disrespectful umthwali carrier | isithwalambiza mantis umthwalo load, burden |
| ukuthwasa > emerge for the first time as a season or new moon > become possessed by a spirit | ithwasa an isangoma during apprenticeship | intwasa change of season, moon or personal state intwasahlobo spring |
| ukuthwaxela > cling on, adhere, twine round | alikho | intwaxela deceptive, slanderous tongue uthwaxela glutinous, sticky tongue |
| ukuthwebula > whip, switch, give a stroke with a whip > hypnotize, mesmerize, bring under one’s control by charming > paralyse > take a photograph | alikho | amathwebula medicinal concoctions or powers for charming umthwebula medicinal charm for killing or hypnotizing ithwebulo enchantment, hypnotism, killing umthwebulo a stroke with a whip mesmerism, hypnotism, paralysis |
| ukuthwesa > cause to carry > help to carry, help to lift a load > teach, initiate into a profession | intwesi sharp-trained, clever-handed person someone skiful at thought or work | ubuthwesi smartness, sharpness, cleverness |
| ukuthwishila > stretch out, straighten; ;ay out straight > smooth the surface, plane > strip off bark > switch, whip | alikho | intwishila straight object |
| ukutikita > dilly-dally; fiddle about with work; work halfheartedly > struggle to do; strive | alikho | umtikito half-hearted attempt dilly-dallying struggle, striving |
| ukutitiliza > make easy profits > get large gains without exertion | alikho | umtitilizo gain, easy profit discount sale |
| ukutitimuza > make easy profit | alikho | umtitimuzo gain, easy profit discount sale |
| ukutitinya > examine closely, feel carefully, inquire into > tire out, weary out, exhaust > struggle with a heavy load | alikho | umtitinyo close examination, inquiry heavy load |
| ukutoba > get soft (as boiled food does) > get appeased or placated > mash food | umtobozi flatterer, adulator | isitobo a masher, an instrument for mashing vegetables |
| ukutotoba > walk with faltering gait > convalesce | isitotobi slow-moving, dilatory person convalescent patient | alikho |
| ukutshala > plant, sow individual seeds or plants > transplant > invest money | umtshali a sower a planter umtshalizimali a financial investor | itshalo first growth after planting first yield from planted crops hedge, fence of growing plants izitshalo vegetables, greens isitshalo any cultivated crop a plant |
| ukutshekeza > move from side to side like liquid > swill about > sway, totter, as a wall > swill something > cause something to sway | alikho | utshekeza molten matter liquid liquid food gruel |
| ukutsheleka > lend, loan > borrow, obtain by loan | alikho | umtshelekwana anything passed round on loan |
| ukutshoda > lose freshness or prime > lose weight after sickness > become stale or flat | utshodo a person who has lost weight or vigour | isitshodo flat, stale beer utshodo dark-blue cotton gauze or veiling an animal that has lost weight or vigour |
| ukutshuma > glide along like a fish in water > spit through a reed, as is done when smoking marijuana > talk drivel, talk aimlessly | alikho | u(m)tshumo reed or hollow grass-stalk used for ejecting spittle when smoking marijuana intshumentshu stick with hidden iron point used for stabbing in fight |
| ukutshutshuza > stitch, sew > run up with stiches, tack > make a track through grass, as mice do > throb with pain | alikho | umtshutshuzo mouse-track through grass a running stitch; tacking |
| ukutuba > ripen, get red with ripeness > become reddish-coloured (as a muddy stream) | umtubiso person with soft, sleek body a buxom person | utuba a muddy-coloured object a soft, wet object (like a newly skinned hide, or a recently laid mud floor) |
| ukutuba > smash up; mash; pummel > exhaust thoroughly | alikho | umtube the yolk of an egg umtubiso hlonipha term for umlilo, a fire |
| ukutula > thrust through > poke through > push or drive something through | alikho | itulo a thatching needle |
| ukutwanyaza > feel with the fingers or teeth > eat delicious food; drink delicious drink | alikho | isitwanyaza soft, tender object delicious food or drink |
| ukutwena > express liquid > squeeze out fruit to remove the juice > squeeze out herbs for medicine > strain curdled milk by its own weight | umtweni a person who is expert at straining or expressing medicines | isitweno an expresser or strainer, made from fibre or skin, used for expressing medicine from herbs, or straining curdled milk |
The following table is for iziqu in V
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuva > yield abundantly > increase in numbers > exceed > exceed ten > set, thicken > be kind, amiable | alikho | iva abundant yield surplus increase in stock amava experience umuvo any number above a completed ten |
| ukuvakasha > keep watch at night > patrol > be on sentry duty > visit > take a stroll, go for a leisurely walk | ivakashi a watchman a sentry isivakashi a visitor umvakashi watchman, guard, sentry | alikho |
| ukuvala > close, shut > suppress > deceive, bluff, cheat > bribe > protect against evil | imvalamnyango person who looks after the door isivalamnyango person who does odd jobs such as looking after the door umvalasangwana a get-keeper a hanger-on imvali a gate-keeper a doorkeeper | imvalamasango a cross-bar closing a gate imvalamehlo a shade or guard for the eyes a sun-visor isivalamehlo shade or guard for the eyes blinkers for a horse imvalamlomo bribery isivalandlela an obstacle on the path isivalela trap or cage for birds and animals isivaleliso farewell gift isivalo a door a cork or stopper a contraceptive uvalo cartilage at the lower end of the breast-bone chronic palpitation of the heart anxiety, fear, nervous apprehension, remorse, pricks of conscience, feelings of guilt umvalo holiday, day closed to work |
| ukuvama > be accustomed to something, be wont to do something or to be in some way | imvamamazwi talkative person imvamamlomo a garrulous person | imvama the majority, generality imvamela majority, generality exertion isivamelo power, ability to exert power |
| ukuvanga > mix together | alikho | ivange mixture imvange mixture, compound variety of colours or objects medley ingxubevange a miscellaneous collection of things |
| ukuvatha > wear clothes, dress | alikho | isivatho clothing |
| ukuvava > splinter, break into splinters, cause to crack, split down | uvavasholo a tall, slender person | uvava / umvava split, crack, cleft flaw beast with upright, pointed horns uvave splinter long, broken fragment umvave splinter sharp, pointed tooth |
| ukuvela > come forth, appear, come into view > originate, come from > gain distinction, favour, stand out, be prominent > occur | uvele a court favourite a distinguished person umvelivelayo someone who turns up unexpectedly a rescuer | ivelakancane a rarity ivelakanci a rarity, or something that occurs rarely imvelelo forehead imvelo nature, ntural state habit, natural custom |
| ukuvengeza > cut a large slice > slice, slash | alikho | isivengeza cut-out or washed-out space chasm, gaping hole isivengezi chasm, gaping hole |
| ukuveza > bring into view, bring forth, show, exhibit > disclose, divulge > expose indecently, expose the person | ivezandlebe an illegitimate child a bastard | imveza profit |
| ukuvika > ward off danger; parry a blow > dodge, avoid > deny, refuse to admit | umvikeli protector, advocate imviki someone expert in parrying blows a good fencer or fighter | imviko hlonipha term for a fighting stick umviko a parry, a warding off |
| ukuvimba > close, block up, stop, bar, plug, cork, prevent | alikho | imvimba / umvimba a sausage ivimbela preventive charm or medicine isivimbelo an obstacle umvimbi continuous heavy rainfall monopolizing of the conversation isivimbo stopper, plug, cork umvimbo a weal or welt caused by a blow |
| ukuvimbezela > close in, shut in, besiege, invest, blockade > place an obstacle > break out, be rife like an epidemic | alikho | isivimbezelo obstacle umvimbezelo siege, blockade, investment |
| ukuvinga > chop up, cut to pieces > break into fragments | alikho | imvingo pile or bundle of chopped wood |
| ukuvingoqa > crawl as a caterpillar > move along with contracting and expanding movements | alikho | uvingoqo species of caterpillar, which moves along by contracting and rising-expanding movements |
| ukuvitha > give a disabling blow > drill, exercise, practise > break in > wear down, tire | u(m)vithane person with dark, forbidding features isivithela strong, sturdy person | alikho |
| ukuvithiza > smash up, break to pieces, shatter > strike with a smashing blow | alikho | imvithizeko collection of fragments heap of ruins |
| ukuviva > form in bodies or troops (as soldiers do) > come together in a company or herd > mobilize, form into a company, inspect soldiers > concentrate upon something > do something with energy or exertion | isivivi a half-hearted person umvivi a trainer of soldiers or regiments one who issues commands or inspects soldiers | isivivane cairn, memorial collection of stones fund, nucleus of money isivivi lukewarm food or liquid accumulation, heap, pile uvivi faint light of early dawn umvivo mobilization, marshalling or insepction of troops or soldiers |
| ukuvivinya > test, examine, sound out or try someone or something | alikho | isivivinyo trial, examination, test umvivinyo test, examination |
| ukuvongoza > swell up, grow large and full > fill up, cause to swell up | alikho | isivongoza swollen, fully developed object anything pumped up cavity, yawning hole isivongozi swollen-up object deep cavity |
| ukuvova > strain, filter > cower, humiliate | alikho | imvove fatty juice in the cells of spongy bones sediment remaining after straining ivovo / isivovo strainer, filter amavovo dregs, sediment |
| ukuvuba > mix together food > stir up food when preparing it | umvubeli a malt-mixer, or anyone who oversees the preparation of a fermented drink a trouble-brewer or ingleader | izimvubeko after-effects imvubelo yeast, leaven, malt or anything which causes fermentation umvubo a meal comprising a mixture of foods |
| ukuvubukula > open up, uncover > turn over, upturn soil or stone > disclose > discover or strike on an idea | alikho | umvubukulo a discovery bringing up the past against someone |
| ukuvucuza >collect or remove dirt, rubbish etc. > tidy up, clean up remnants | alikho | imvucuza rubbish, refuse |
| ukuvuka > wake up, awake from sleep > rise from the dead, be resurrected > get up, rise from a reclining posture > blow vigorously (of the wind) > rage (of a storm) > get into a rage or a passion a temper > attack continually, come back upon | ivuka young boy at the age of puberty recently initiated diviner | ivuka young bull imvuka early meal, specially prepared for the induna of an umuzi umvuka something constantly recurring an old affair revived again uvuko a rising up an uprising, a revolt an impulse |
| ukuvukuza > dig and lift the soil upwards > root as a pig > burrow as a mole does > undermine | alikho | imvukuzane a mole ivukuzi mole imvukuzi mole uvukuzi dense overgrowth, overhanging thicket above water |
| ukuvula > open, open up, make a way clear > start | ivulandlela a pathfinder, scout or pioneer | imvula rain imvula introduction, introductory proceedings, foretaste, forerunner deposit on account umvulo inauguration, opening Monday isivulo a key a tin-opener |
| ukuvuma > agree, assent, consent, be willing > thrive, grow well (of plants or crops) > turn out well (as from a mould or a baking process, in brick-making, pottery, cooking, a hdide in dressing, or persons) > agree with someone (as the climate does) > fall down (used only with phansi) | uvumazonke one who assents to anything a credulous person umvumeli supporter, seconder of a motion umvumi consenter, one who agrees imvumi consenter, one who agrees | imvuma payment in proof of an agreement, earnest of a contract imvume permission imvumelano mutual agreement contract covenant ivumelo approval, assent (to a person although they are doing wrong) support to a wrong deed imvumelo permission isivumelwana mutual or legal agreement isivumelwano mutual agreement, legal agreement contract for sale or work a covenant a concord umvumelwano accompaniment ivumo tune, chorus imvumo low-toned accompaniment of a song umvumo low-toned chorus singing, generally of people sitting in the hut while certain ones get up and dance |
| ukuvumba > fling down, throw down heavily | alikho | umvumbi continuous heavy rainfall monopolizing of the conversation |
| ukuvumbuluka > rise up suddenly (as from an ambush) > be stampeded > come unthatched | alikho | imvumbulukane rash coming out all over the body trap-door spider |
| ukuvuna > reap, harvest, gather crops > enter into an alliance, be allied > easily influence one another > harmonize colours or music etc. | isivunani an ally umvuni reaper, one who harvests one who takes sides in a quarrel umvunisi helper in harvesting | umvuno harvest, reaping bias, partiality |
| ukuvunda > go bad, putrefy, rot > be rich (as the soil) > be rich (in possessions) | isivundi rich person well-to-do person | imvundela putrefying substance, or anything stinking with rottenness an old grudge or long-standing case amavundevu / isivundevu / umvundevu putrefying substance old grudge ivundo a grudge imvundo rich harvest abundance of possessions |
| ukuvundla > skirt, go round > avoid, side-track | ivundlandlela outsider, stranger isivundlavundla stout person umvundli one who skirts or avoids | umvundla hare umvundlo a side-track, bypath |
| ukuvundulula > upturn, bring to the surface > rake up the past | alikho | imvundululo something exposed, unearthed, revealed revelation |
| ukuvungula > pick out from a crevice > pick the teeth | imvungulamfonono malicious slanderer | amavungulamfonono malivious, slanderous statements isivungulo toothpick |
| ukuvunula > adorn oneself, dress up in finery, put on festive clothing | alikho | imvunulo adornment festival attire isivunuloo article of adornment ornament |
| ukuvusa > awaken, rouse up > disturb > raise from the dead > resurrect, resuscitate > rouse, energize > renovate, renew, repair > warn, put on guard | imvusi one who gives the alarm umvusi beater in a hunt | ivusela blister imvuselelo reminder, warning renovation, renewal, repair revival ivuso premonition, apprehension, inward uneasiness, qualm conscience alarm, warning |
| ukuvutha > flame, burn, blaze > explode, go off > be passionate, have a quick temper | isivuthela a strong, energetic person isivuthevuthe a hot-tempered person ivuthwa a person or thing which turns out up to one’s expectations | ivutha very dry soil desert ground isivutha inflation, blowing, gust of wind isivuthelo bellows isivuthevuthe a hot burning wind ivuthisamjadu stopgap fill-up |
| ukuvuthuza > shake off, knock off > let fall or drop > shun, avoid > strike, hit, give a blow | umvuthuzi a dew-drier | alikho |
| ukuvuza > leak, drip, ooze > repay, reward | alikho | umvuzo reward, repayment |
The following table is for iziqu in W
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuwa > fall > make a mistake, be misled, make a slip | alikho | iwa precipice, cliff isiwa precipice, cliff umuwa loose grains of corn, fallen fruit etc. iwela a windfall good luck |
| ukuwaka > defraud in business > cheat | uwaka cheat, defrauder in trade, a sharper isiwakawaka hero | iwaka a large number ubuwaka cheating, fraudulence, sharp practice isiwakawaka spear of a hero |
| ukuwehleza > rattle metallically > rattle, shake about rattlingly | alikho | amawehleza rattling ornament of metal amawehlezi rattling, metal ornament |
| ukuweza > take across, convey across, transport > help out of difficulty | iwezi a ferryman one who helps in the crossing umwezi a ferryman hlonipha term for umlungu, a European | iweza hlonipha term for izibuko, a ford |
| ukuwisa > cause to fall; fell, knock down > mislead, lead astray, corrupt | alikho | iwisa a large-headed knobkerrie isiwisa good snuff; good beer hail medicinal charm to keep hail frfom the gardens |
| ukuwola > gather up, collect together | alikho | isiwolamlotha an ash bin a vessel for collecting ashes umwolanyama a tumbled heap (of corpses on the battlefield, baggage in heaps) isiwolelo a dust-pan |
| ukuwolokohlela > throw down for > overthrow, upset, cause to topple over > pour out wholesale > drink heavily > crash down, topple over | alikho | umwolokohlela a chasm, abyss, deep hole |
| ukuwomba > entice, allure, decoy | isiwombane a stupid person | isiwombe a charge, onslaught, conflict |
| ukuwonga > lure, entice, inveigle > draw out information, elicit | alikho | iwonga attraction, drawing, luring, magnetism amawongawonga fleeting attraction daydreaming, reverie |
| ukuwulukuhla > pour out wholesale > throw out bodily > expel | alikho | isiwulukuhla abnormally bulky object |
| ukuwunga > entice, mislead, lure > influence, charm | alikho | iwungo enticement, distraction mystification hypnotizing power umwungo enticement, luring iwunga nyaope, crystal meth or other fatally addictive drug |
| ukuwuza > walk drunkenly, unsteadily, in an uncontrolled manner | isiwuzawuza an idiot umwuzawuza an idiot, a silly person | alikho |
The following table is for iziqu starting with X
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuxaba > place in difficulties, put in a fix, put in a dilemma, trouble someone > block the way, stand crosswise | ixaba a person whocauses quarrelling | ingxabano quarrel, strife, wrangling, bickering isixabeko difficulty, fix ingxabo a root isixabo a worry, dilemma, difficulty or trouble umxabo a bar to secure a hut door uxabosi a quarrelsome disposition |
| ukuxabadiya > intertwine cross wattles in a hut wall > obstruct, complicate | alikho | isixabadiya cross-wattling obstruction, difficulty, hitch, complication |
| ukuxabalaza > stand spaced out > have spaces between | alikho | ingxabalazi mashy, semi-liquid food, of which the ingredients have not properly combined ubuxabalazi state of being improperly mixed disharmony |
| ukuxabiya > place cross-bars or wattles in a structure | alikho | ixabiyo a forked stick, used to insert cross-wattles in building, or used as a rake big, broad foot with spread-out toes |
| ukuxaka > place in difficulties, put in a fix > entangle > block the way, stand crosswise > force to eat, feed forcibly | alikho | in(g)xakan(g)xaka confusion, disorder complicated structure or mechanism ubuxakaxaka disorder, state of confusion, confused bustle isixako a fix, difficulty, dilemma or trouble isixakwana slight difficulty small collection of huts spot |
| ukuxakaxa > disentangle, free, disengage what has been caught > prise apart | alikho | isixakaxo instrument for prising apart or disentangling lever crowbar |
| ukuxazula > wrench apart, prise open > settle a quarrel, mediate > explain a difficulty | alikho | umxazulo mediation solution of a difficulty umxazululo mediation, solution of a difficulty isixazululo a solution a resolution in a narrative |
| ukuxhaka > grip, catch > grip several strings at one time (as when holding reins) > hold several bridles at one time (as when guarding saddled horses) > put out shoots of new growth > intrude, interfere | alikho | uxhakaxholo a network the internet isixhakaxholo entanglement, confused affair thick cluster densely packed mass |
| ukuxhanta > send out new shoots (from root, stem or branch) > branch out > bear fruit > intrude oneself into other people’s affairs; interfere | inxantela / umxantela an intruder, interrupter | ixhantela a new shoot inxantela / umxantela shooting, budding isixhanti row of upper dorsal vertebrae of an ox or hum, and the meat or muscle thereabout |
| ukuxhasa > compel, induce > bring pressure upon someone, force them > support, give support to a declining business | umxhasi a supporter | uxhaso support |
| ukuxheka > branch out > bear fruit | alikho | isixheke cluster, bunch of fruit wasps’ nest |
| ukuxhokola > dig out, chisel out | alikho | isixhokolo a chisel, gouge instrument for chiselling out a hole a large collection of stones or rocks |
| ukuxhokova > pit the skin > do in a slovenly way > half-do something | alikho | inxokovane small-pox ixhokovu a roughly-built hut an untidily built house |
| ukuxhokoviya > half-do something > start something without finishing it > make a rough draft | alikho | ixhokoviya a rough draft a careless outline |
| ukuxhomonda > be unruly > act roughly | umxhomondeli presumptuous person | alikho |
| ukuxhoza > chip off, pare off, knock off > shave down, smoothe off > make thin, emaciate > be unbearable, be too heavy or painful to bear | ixhoza one who cannot submit or bear a deserter umxhoza a member of the Xhosa nation umxhozi one who shells mielies | ixhoza a large, powerful male dog inxoza fibre from acacias, used for sewing |
| ukuxhuma > leap, spring, bound, jump > join up, splice together | inxumelo an adopted child isixhumo a quarrelsome, ill-tempered person one who constantly causes strife | ixhumela a high heel uxhumano communication connection |
| ukuxhutha > perspire > have moist skin | isixhutha a person with moist skin a person who perspires freely | alikho |
| ukuxhwala > be chronically sick > be depraved or morally corrupted | isixhwala sickly person a chronically ill person a morally depraved person isixhwalaxhwala a ruffian a mannerless person a savage | ubuxhwala sickliness chronic ailment moral depravity |
| ukuxilonga > examine medically | umxilongi medical examiner | isixilongo an instrument for examining a patient a stethoscope |
| ukuxingova > mix up together > entangle > antagonize, cause friction between people | ixingovu a causer of strife an antagonizer | ixingovu a species of black–and-white caterpillar anything checkered in colour |
| ukuxoba > worry, bother, trouble, pester > get something extra | alikho | ixoba a reward, remuneration |
| ukuxobonga > be rough, act roughly > act the hooligan > pit the skin, like small-pox | alikho | i(n)xobongo pitting of small-pox a small, dilapidated hut |
| ukuxoka > tell lies > be shifty > be a cause of variance or quarrelling | ixoki trouble-monger, a person who causes quarrels between others a liar a shifty person a fifth columnist | ubuxoki trouble-making lying, untruthfulness, prevarication fifth-column activities |
| ukuxola > be peaceful, quiet, calm > be at peace > be resigned, content, forbearing | umxoleli one who is ready to forgive | uxolo peace, quiet, calm goodwill pardon, forgiveness |
| ukuxosha > drive away, repel, expel, chase > overcome in fight > receive a present or reward from a king or chief > receive royal recognition | isixoshi recipient of a present, reward, or decoration | ixoshelo determined pursuit pertinacity, preseverance, application, zeal ixosho reward, present, decoration |
| ukuxova > mix up by treading (as with mud), or kneading (as with dough) > confuse, cause strife or quarrelling > fabricate | isixovi mischief-maker one who causes strife or confusion | ingxovangxova mixed-up state of affairs mess medley turmoil confusion inxovanxova mixed-up state of affairs mess ingxoviya state of confusion mess |
| ukuxoxa > narrate, tell, give account > hold conversation, converse, chat > court, woo, attempt to get into the favour of someone | alikho | ixoxo narrative, account pleasant talk, conversation, chat frog ingxoxo narration, topic of discussion conversation |
| ukuxozomela > pounce upon a victim > pin someone down > bully, domineer over > ill-treat someone | isixozomeli bully, domineering person | alikho |
| ukuxuba > mingle together, mix together, compound, cause to blend > become grey (i.e. have white haits mixed with the other) | alikho | ingxubano fusion coalescence ixube mixture of things something containing several elements ingxube jumble of things assorted mixture compound ixubelo adulteration umxubeni insipid concoction or mixture of drinks ixubevange medley ingxubevange medley, miscellaneous collection mixture of people or races |
| ukuxubha > rinse the mouth > gargle > clean the teeth | alikho | isixubho small quantity of fermented beer which is mixed with unfermented beer to induce fermentation isixubho tooth-cleaner tooth-brush |
| ukuxukuxa > work loose something embedded | alikho | umxukuxo a working loose medicine for flatulence lubrication |
| ukuxunga > disturb, upset, irritate, cause ill-feeling | isixungabantu sedition-monger mischief-maker ixungebe mischief-maker disturber of the peace umxungi disturber mischievous talker | isixungo disturbing factor cause of ill-feeling |
| ukuxwaya > be on the alert, on the watch, wide awake | ixwayela a wide-awake person someone who is alert and cautious | isixwayiso a warning |
The following table is for iziqu beginning with Y
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuya > go to, go towards | isiyamuva a conservative or retrogressive person isiyaphambili a progressive person iye a tale-bearer a scandal-monger | iya ebb wave amaya worhless thing, something of no consequence iyakade / isiyakade indefinite future time long in the future a long absence umyamuva retrogression backsliding umyaphambili progress iyankomo any insectivorous bird that follows cattle in order to eat the flying insects disturbed by them iye a forager ant isiyela / -o onslaught, combined attack, wholesale assault a wholesale falling or tumbling after or into something |
| ukuyala > warn, put someone on guard > teach by painful experience > impose an untoward happening | umyali someone who warns or admonishes | isiyalelo a warning an instruction a direction isiyalezelo / umyalezelo a message instructions umyalezo an order, injuction, message isiyalo an admonition a warning umyalo warning, admonition, instruction, command, order prohibition or negative command |
| ukuyangaza > be shy, bewildered, disconcerted, agitated or disappointed > look dismayed, shamefaced | isiyangazane a bewildered person | alikho |
| ukuyeka > stop, leave off, give over > let go, leave alone, let be | alikho | umyekelelo a stabbing, flinging of a spear letting a weapon slip from the hand isiyekelo forgiveness uyekelo forbearance umyeko a fringe a necklet |
| ukuyeketha > hang loosely, dangle > grip loosely, slacken the grip > lack zeal; be indifferent or careless | alikho | umyekethiso a loosening of the grip, a slackening lack of zeal umyeketho a loose grip indifference a lack of zeal |
| ukuyenga > decoy, allure, seduce, beguile, entice | iyenga a seducer a decoy a tempter isiyengane a seducer, tempter one who leads into a trap umyengi a seducer, enticer or tempter | isiyengo / uyengo allurement, enticement, decoy, seduction |
| ukuyezuka > scream, shout > get upset, topple over > say the wrong thing, make a faux pas | alikho | umyezuka steep, precipitous place |
| ukuyiyitheka > burst into laughter > laugh uncontrollably > loaf about > wander about idly | iyiyitheka someone who continually bursts into laughter a jovial, laughing person an idle fellow, a loafer | umyiyitheko a burst of laughter uncontrollable laughter |
| ukuyobula > scald the skin > peel with heat | alikho | umyobulo mark of scalding or burning on some part of the body |
| ukuyola > become perfect, well-made or thoroughly done > bewitch, hypnotize, charm | umyolo an eccentric person an uncanny being, an imp | iyoli / -o misfortune, harm (as is brought on by witchcraft) isiyoliyoli nicely cooked food, deliciously prepared food |
| ukuyoyosa > ease off (of pain) > settle down quietly > abate or lessen in intensity > handle carefully | iyoyosi a careful, gentle person | alikho |
The following table is for iziqu beginning with Z
| verb (isiqu in bold) | ibizomuntu | ibizonto |
| ukuza > come to | izalibelethwe an adopted child an illegitimate child izaliphethwe an illegitimate child izanambeleko an adopted child an illegitimate child izanankande an adopted child an illegitimate child | iza wave of the sea isiza a building site uza a single pubic hair |
| ukuzabalaza > stand firm, plant oneself firmly on the ground, refuse to give way > struggle, protest | alikho | umzabalazo a firm stand stubbornness the struggle against Apartheid a protest |
| ukuzala > bear, give birth to > beget, generate > be full or brimful | umzala a cousin umzalambumbulu a counterfeit cousin someone who falsely claims relationship inzalamizi a patriarch, a father of many families umzalelwana person belonging to the same society umzali a parent inzalo offspring, progeny, children uzalo descendants from a common ancestor izele a sleek-bodied person | inzala a grass seed izala a rubbish-heap a dumping ground umzala ashes a dumping ground for ashes inzalaniso profit, interest uzalela overflow overfulness hair growing out of position tuft of grass growing beyond the rest inzalo interest on money invested isizalo a womb, a uterus a tribal or national origin mouth of a river izele green stalk of maize, sorghum or sugar-cane ubuzele blood discharged from the uterus shortly after childbirth |
| ukuzama > try, strive, attempt > make an attempt, exert oneself | alikho | umzamo |
| ukuzamazisa > shake, cause to vibrate > make something rock > agitate, physically or politically | umzamazisi agitator | umzamaziso a string of feathers tied up to scare birds |
| ukuzanananda move along heavily or laboriously | umzanananda person with heavy, laborious gait | alikho |
| ukuzathula > strike a light blow > flick > bite sharply, nip | inzathula a sharp-tongued person an ill-tempered, snappish person | alikho |
| ukuzavula > gash, cut, slit | inzavula a person with a long tooth | inzavula long, protruding tooth a pincer-pointed instrument |
| ukuzaza > move about searching > search hither and thither | uzaza a spoiled child umzaza a habitually immoral person | i(n)zaza a torpedo fish |
| ukuzeca > cut, nip in two, clip through | inzece a busybody a meddling, interfering person | isizeca battle-axe uzeca hlonipha term for ulimi, the tongue isizece clippers |
| ukuzeka > mount, cover > marry, take to wife > relate, recount | isizeke a man unpopular with the girls a retrenched person | inzeka hlonipha term for inkunzi, a bull uzekamanzi a dragonfly umzekelelo expatiation, redundance, or a long-drawn-out statement umzekeliso riddle, play on words uzekezeke persistence, perseverance against odds isizeko devotion towards a spouse marital affection |
| ukuzekeca > backbite, spread scandal about someone > inform against someone > cut, be sharp-pointed | umzekeci a scandalmonger | izekecela scaly knobs or protuberances |
| ukuziba > pretend, feign, pretend not to do something > deceive, mislead, bamboozle > avoid, fight shy of > bribe | alikho | isiziba patch for mending clothes uzibandlela the month of December |
| ukuzibekela > cover with a lid > cloud over > turn mouth downwards | alikho | isizibekelo lid, covering |
| ukuzibula > bear the first offspring > have a first baby | izibulo first-born progeny first-born child | izibule beast which has birthed once only |
| ukuzika > sink down, settle down to the bottom > disappear, go out of sight > sing softly | alikho | inzika sediment, dregs inziki leaves put into a pot to prevent slopping of water iziko fireplace, hearth place where charms against lightning are burned to make them more effective isiziko round place made by fire, lightning or a blow a discolouration or contusion on the body |
| ukuzila > fast, abstain, avoid > show respect to someone by avoidance > mourn, observe the mourning ceremony | alikho | ubuzilazila restless movement, as when seeking the opportunity to do something unnoticed feigning, pretence i(n)zilo season of fasting or abstinence mourning period fasting abstinence mourning |
| ukuzinda > remain behind > hold back > be reluctant > be firmly based > stand firm upon something | alikho | isizinda the remaining contents in a vessel origin, essence of anything an ancestral umuzi the setting of a story isizindalwazi a website |
| ukuzindla > consider, meditate, ponder, cogitate | umzindlekelo suspicion umzindlo expectation obsession pondering | |
| ukuzinga > roam, wander about | inzinga a person who roams about umzingandlu a stay-at-home a sedentary person | izinga ridge, corrugation, running elevation between two closely placed grooves ridge between two valleys annular ring of a tree corrugation or ring of horn scale of a snake, fish, tortoise or millepede a level or grade inzinga a baboon |
| ukuzingela >roam for, roam towards > hunt, go in search of, lie in wait for, pursue | umzingeli a hunter, huntsman a pursuer | alikho |
| ukuzingeleza > encircle, go round, surround > circulate, go round | alikho | isizingelezi circle |
| ukuziya > ponder over, review, think deeply upon | alikho | umziyo deep thought, consideration |
| ukuzoba > curl, twist | alikho | isizobe curl of hair discoloured spot isizobi discoloured spot on the skin |
| ukuzokoca > masticate, chew anything tough > laugh mockingly at someone > sneer at someone | alikho | uzokoco tough material wiry, stocky person uzokocwana tall, wiry person |
| ukuzokoza > persist in action, push ahead, progress > move in opposition | alikho | umzokozo persistence, struggle against the odds |
| ukuzonda > hate, dislike > covet, be jealous of > have chronic pain | alikho | inzondela object of desire something to which one is greatly attached object of great value inzondelela object of desire or of great value izondo stitch in sewing inzondo hatred. dislike, ill will, ill feeling covetousness, lust chronic pain isizondo grudge, malice, animus, animosity |
| ukuzongoloza > twine round > wrap round > bind > encoil | alikho | umzongolozelo circumvention, entwining winding band bandage |
| ukuzotha > be calm, mellow, sober in state or appearance > be dignified, of strong personality > be fertile, prosperous | alikho | isizotha strong personality, dignity, self-possession, calmness isizotho strong personality, dignity |
| ukuzuba > deal a death-blow > fling down | alikho | uzubela pointed object izubanzonzo butterfly izube(la) flying chip splinter shrapnel |
| ukuzuka > break into pieces, shatter > knock, strike > exhaust, weary, tire out > break in, drill, exercise | alikho | uzuka a sixpence a five cent piece umzuko training, drilling, breaking-in trotting, cantering |
| ukuzukulula > dawdle, progress slowly > struggle against odds, encounter opposition | alikho | umzukululu difficulty, opposition dawdling, slow progress, delay |
| ukuzula > wander about, roam homelessly > soar, hang suspended | uzulane wanderer, roamer, vagrant, waif, tramp | isizule suspended object |
| ukuzululeka > saunter about, roam > become giddy, dizzy, have a swimming sensation before the eyes | alikho | inzululekane giddiness, dizziness swimming sensation before the eyes inzululwane giddiness |
| ukuzulumba > watch for a chance > lie in wait > take by surprise | izulumba a stealthy watcher, a prowler | alikho |
| ukuzuma > surprise, take by surprise, take unawares | alikho | umzumo a suprise |
| ukuzunge(le)za > surround, encircle > go in a circuit | umzungezi one who haunts another in order to scare them | inzungelezane merry-go-round umzungelezo encirclement cicrcumvention trap set to catch someone umzungezo a procession |
| ukuzungula > start, initiate > haunt a person in order to raise a quarrel with them | umzunguli an initiator one who starts something | alikho |
| ukuzuza > obtain, acquire, earn, gain > gain the upper hand over someone > take someone unawares > come to grips with someone | alikho | inzuzo gain, profit, acquisition umzuzo long struggle |
| ukuzwa perceive with various senses: > with the ear: listen, hear, listen to, give ear to, obey > with the mind: perceive, understand > with the tongue: taste > with the nose: smell > with the touch: feel, touch > sense, feel generally > be alive, live, have life > be in good condition | inzwakubi irascible, impetuous person umzwangendaba a hearsay witness uzwangendaba a second-hand informant isizwasingezwa a headstrong person | inzwa sense of feeling izinzwa the senses uzwa indentation, mark of pressure cleft, deep hole umzwa nerve feeling main rib or spine of a leaf radicle of a plant inzwabethi hearsay, rumour inzwakabi misapprehension misunderstanding inzwakubi hasty temper, inconsiderate action izwamoya a barometer izwandaba harbinger, omen, foreteller of future events umzwangedwa personal affliction or pain umzwangendaba secondhand information uzela sensitiveness, touchiness, tender feeling umzwelo emotion |
| ukuzwebela > spy, eavesdrop | inzwebeli a spy, eavesdropper | alikho |
And that’s it! At least according to the Doke and Vilakazi Dictionary.